S04 



NORTH CAROLINA. 



roots, as ginseng, Virginia and seneca snakeroot, &c. The rich intervals are overgiown 

 with canes, the leaves of which continue green through the winter, and afford good fodder for 

 cattle. 



12. Mineral Springs. There are thermal saline springs in Buncombe county, called the 

 Warm Springs. The water is hmpid, and gives out nitrogen gas. It contains muriates and 

 sulphates of lime and magnesia. Chronic rheumatism and paralysis are among the diseases 

 cured by drinking the water and bathing in it. 



POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY. 

 1. Divisions. This State is divided into 66 counties.* 



Population at different Periods. 





Whites. 



Slaves. 



Free Colored. 



Total Colored. 



Total Pop. 



1790 

 1300 . 

 1810 

 1820 . 

 1830 

 1840 



2.-(8,204 

 337,7(V4 

 370,410 

 419,200 

 472,i?43 



100,572 

 133,290 

 10>8,824 

 205,017 

 245,001 



4,975 

 7,043 

 10,206 

 14,013 

 19,543 



105,547 

 140,339 

 179,000 

 219,029 

 205,144 



393,751 

 478,103 

 555,500 

 038,829 

 737,987 



2. Toicns Raleigh., the seat of government, is situated on the Neuse, near the centre of the 

 State. It is regularly laid out, with some handsome buildings, but it is not a thriving place. Pop- 

 ulation, 2,000. The State-house at this place was destroyed by fire, in 1831. This disaster 

 was accompanied with the further and irreparable loss of Canova's admired statue of Washing- 

 ton ; but a handsome capitol of granite has been erected in the place of the former building. 



JVeivbern is the largest town in the State. It stands on the Neuse, 30 miles above Pamlico 

 Sound. Vessels from the sea ascend to this place, and it has a considerable trade in exporting 

 timber, grain, and tar. This town has a theatre, and v.as once the seat of government. Popu- 

 lation, 4,000. 



Fayetteville, on Cape Fear River, at the head of boat navigation, has a trade in grain, flour, 

 tobacco, and naval stores. Fayetteville contains a United States Arsenal of construction. 

 Population, 3,000. 



Wilmington^ on Cape Fear River, 34 miles from the sea, is a commercial town, and the 

 port for the trade of Fayetteville. In commerce, it is the first town in the State ; but its har- 

 bor is not commodious for large vessels, being, like most others on this coast, barred with sand. 

 The railroad, to the Roanoke adds to the business and importance of Wilmington. Popula- 

 tion, 4,000. 



Charlotte, in the interior, is a growing and prosperous town, with 2,000 inhabitants. Here 

 is a branch of the United States mint, for the coinage of gold. Salisbury., in the same region, 

 has about 1,300 inhabitants. 



3. Agriculture. The industry is almost wholly agricultural. The great diversity of climate 

 between the eastern lowlands and the western high country, causes a corresponding diversity in 

 the produce ; the former yielding cotton, rice, and indigo ; and the latter, Indian corn, wheat, 

 hemp, and tobacco. The cotton crop does not exceed 30,000 bales. The mountainous dis- 

 tricts are more generally appropriated to grazing, and large herds of cattle and horses are raised 



Randolph 

 Richmond 

 Robeson 

 Rockingham 

 Rowan 

 Rutherford 

 Sampson 

 Stokes 

 Surry 

 Tyrrell 

 Wake 

 Warren 

 Washington 

 Wayne 

 Wilkes 

 Vancev 



* Anson 



Currituck 



Lenoir 



Ashe 



Davidson 



Lincoln 



Beaufort 



Davie 



Macon 



Bertie 



Duplin 



Martin 



Bladen 



Edgecombe 



Mecklenburg 



Brunswick 



Franklin 



Montgomery 



Buncombe 



Gales 



Moore 



Burke 



Granville 



Nash 



Cabarrus 



Greene 



New Hanover 



Camden 



Guilford . 



Northampton 



Carteret 



Halifax 



Onslow 



Caswell 



Haywood 



Orange 



Chatham 



Hertford 



Pasquotank 



Chowan 



Hyde 



Perquimans 



Columbus 



Iredell 



Person 



Craven 



Johnston 



Pitt 



Cumberland 



lones 





