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SOUTH CAROLINA. 



4. Cities and Towns. Charleston., the commercial metropolis, and formerly the seat of 

 government, is built upon a point of land at the junction of Ashley and Cooper rivers. Its 

 harbor is capacious, but difficult of entrance. The city is regularly built, and though the site 

 is low, the approach to it by water is particularly fine. Many of the streets are very handsome, 

 and most of the houses are furnished with piazzas to each story. In the outer parts of the 

 city, the houses are surrounded with gardens, and ornamented by trees and shrubbery. Groves 

 of orange and peach trees in bloom, present here a most inviting appearance to the traveler, 

 who arrives from the North in the early season. The most remarkable edifices of this city, are 

 the Orphan Asylum, and the Circular Church. In the former, 130 orphan children are main- 

 tained from the proceeds of an ample endowment for that purpose. The city hall, exchange, 

 two arsenals, the citadel, marine hospital, academy of fine arts, &c., are the other public 

 buildings. There are numerous other charitable institutions. The Charleston library contains 

 14,000 volumes. There is also a college in the city, and an excellent medical institution. 

 During the winter, this city is much frequented by strangers, from different parts of the coun- 

 try. At this season, it is found a very agreeable residence. In the summer the neighborhood is 

 unhealthy, yet the city is seldom visited by the common epidemics of the South. The com- 

 merce of Charleston consists chiefly in the export of cotton and rice. Population, 40,000, 

 half of whom are blacks. Moultricville., on Sullivan's Island at the mouth of the harbor, is a 

 pleasant summer resort. 



There is no other large town in the State. Columbia is the seat of government. It stands 

 on the Congaree, near the centre of the State, and occupies an elevated plain, sloping gently 

 on every side. The plan of the town is regular. It contains a college, and 4,000 inhabitants. 

 Georgetown^ at the head of Winyaw bay, formed by the junction of the Great Pedee, Wacca- 

 maw, and two or three other streams, is 13 miles from the sea, and has considerable commerce. 

 Population, 2,000. Beaufort., on the island of Port Royal, is a pleasant town, with a healthy- 

 situation, and good harbor ; but it has little conmierce. Camden., on the Wateree, enjoys a 

 portion of the interior trade, but is chiefly remarkable for the battles fought in its neighborhood 

 during the Revolution. Population, 2,000. Che.raw., on the Pedee, has 1,500 inhabitants. 



5. Agriculture. Cotton and rice occupy the chief attention of the planters. Some tobac- 

 co is raised, and indigo was once an important article of cultivation. "Wheat, maize, and 

 other grains thrive well, but are so much neglected, that suppfies are sought in the neighboring 

 States. 



6. Commerce. The exports of cotton from this State form an important item in our na- 

 tional commerce, and amount to 200,000 or 250,000 bales yearly. The export of rice is also 

 great. The commerce is carried on to a great extent by northern and foreign vessels, the 

 shipping of South Carolina amounting to only 20,000 tons. The annual imports are about 

 2,000,000 dollars ; the exports 10,000,000. 



7. Government. The legislature is called the General Assembly, and consists of a Senate 

 and House of Representatives. The senators are chosen for 4 years, according to the popu- 

 lation and wealth of the districts. The representatives are chosen for 2 years, accordmg to 

 population. The Governor is chosen by the legislature for 2 years. The Lieutenant-Gover- 

 nor has no power or duty except on the death or removal of the Governor. The qualifica- 

 tions for voting amount nearly to universal suffrage. The clergy are ineligible to any civil office. 

 This State sends 9 representatives to Congress. 



8. Religion. The Methodists, Baptists, and Presbyterians, are the most numerous sects ; 

 the first number 37,500, and the second 36,300 communicants. The Presbyterians have 90 

 churches, the Episcopalians 50, the Lutherans 34, and the Roman Catholics 5, and there are 

 some Unitarians, Friends, Universalists, and Jews. 



9. Education. The College of South Carolina, at Columbia, was established in 1801. It 

 has 9 instructors, and 150 students. The library has 7,000 volumes. Charleston College, in 

 that city, founded in 1785, Zion College, and Beaufort College, are rather high schools. 

 There are annually appropriated for free schools, about 37,000 dollars. There is a Medical 

 School in Charleston. The Lutherans have a Theological Seminary at Lexington, the 

 Presbyterians at Columbia, the Baptists near Statesburg, and the Roman Catholics at Charles- 

 ton. 



10. History. The first settlement within this State was made at Port Royal, in 1670 

 The next year, Charleston was founded. North Carolina was originally a part of this colony, 

 pnd the constitution of Locke was in operation here. In the early times, the State was dis 



