334 



WESTERN STATES. 



infancy of navigation, and the light steamboat, which makes its perfection ; together with all the 

 intermediate forms between these extremes.* The most inartificial of all water-craft, is the 

 ark, or Kentucky flat, a huge frame of square timbers, with a roof. It is in shape a parallelo- 

 gram, and hes upon the waters like a log ; it hardly feels the oar, and trusts for motion mainly 

 to the current. It is 15 feet wide, from 50 to 80 feet long, and carries from 200 to 400 bar- 

 rels. These arks are often filled with the goods and families of emigrants, and carry even the 

 carriages and domestic animals. They are used also for shops of various kinds of goods, which 

 are sold at the different towns, and some of them are fitted up as the workshops of artificers. 



Distances on the Upper Mississippi 



From St Louis to Missouri River 



Alton, 111 



Hamburg, do. 

 Clarksville, Mo 



Louisiana, do. . , 



Saverton, do. .... 

 Hannibal, do. 

 Marion city, do. 

 Quincy, III. .... 

 LaiTiange, Mo. .... 



fully, do 



Warsaw, III., near Fort Edward 

 Mouth of De Moines River, Mo. 

 Keokuk, Iowa .... 

 Commerce, 111., head of De Moines rapids 

 Appanoose, do., opposite Fort Madison 

 Burlington, Iowa . ... 

 Yellow Banks. 111. 



New Boston, ill., opposite mouth Iowa Rive 

 Iowa, near mouth of Pine River 

 Rockport, III , mouth of Rock River ) 

 Montevideo, Iowa, opposite Rockport ) 

 Senasepo, Iowa .... 

 Stevenson, 111. 



Davenport, Iowa, opposite Stevenson 

 Rock Island, 111 ., foot of rapids 

 Cmaan, do. head of R. I. rapids 

 New Philadelphia, Iowa 

 Savanna, 111. 

 Smithville, do. 

 Belleview, Iowa 

 Fever River, 111. 



Galena ..... 

 Du Buque, Iowa 

 (^assville, Wisconsin Territory . 

 Prairie La Porte 

 Prairie du Chien 

 Falls of St. Anthony, about 



Price of passage the same as on the Ohio River, viz. 

 about $.3 per hundred miles, for long distances, and 4 to 

 5 cents per mile for short ones. Deck passengers, about 

 $ 1 per hundred miles. The usual speed of the boats is 

 S miles an hour up stream, and 10 down. 



Towns on the Tllinois River, with thur Distanrcs from Pe- 

 oria. If stands for west side; E.fvr east side. 



IS miles. 



C 



24 



1 ^ 



oV 



CO 



99 



]9 



111 



23 



1.54 



7 



141 



10 



151 



]0 



161 



12 



173 



8 



181 



20 



201 



2 



203 



1 



2(14 



18 



222 



10 



232 



20 



2.52 



1.5 



2(;7 



15 



282 



a5 



317 



10 



327 



4 



.331 



5 



336 



1 



337 



18 



355 



40 



.395 



20 



415 



10 



425 



C 



431 



G 



437 



8 



445 



30 



475 



30 



505 



8 



513 



2-2 



5a5 



265 



800 



Up the River. 



w. 6 miles, 



w. 12 18 

 w. 1 

 w. 2 



19 

 21 



b»troit 

 Rome 

 Allentowr. 

 Chillicothf 



Lacon w. 12 33 



Henry w. ]2 45 



Webster w. 8 53 



Hennepin e 4 57 



Enterprise w 12 CO 



Peru w. 2 71 



Rockwell w. 3 74 



Utica w. 5 79 



Ottawa, mo. Fo.x River 11 90 



Chicago, by land 80 170 



4 houses. 

 25 " 



3 " 

 30 " 



rr ( county seat of 

 i Marshall. 



5 houses. 

 5 " 



( pop. 700 ; CO. 

 I seat Putnam. 



4 houses, 

 pop 900. 



IC houses. 



f, , Cpop. 900; CO. 

 seat La Salle. 



Wesley city 

 Pekin 



Copperas creek 

 Liverpool 

 Havana 



Chodes' landing 

 Mouth of Sangamon 

 Erie 



Beardstown 

 Lagrange 

 Meredosia 

 Naples 



Phillips' Ferry 

 Portland 

 Augusta 

 Montezuma 

 New Bedford 

 Bridgeport 

 Newport 

 Columbiana 

 Guilford 



Camden, mo. Illinois 

 Grafton, 111. 

 Portage de Siou 

 Randolph, 111. 

 Alton, III. 

 Missouri River 

 Chippeway, mo. 

 St. Louis, Mo. 



Down 



the Hirer. 



e. 



o 



miles 



e. 



7 



10 



w. 



20 



30 



w. 



10 



40 



e. 



10 



50 



w. 



18 



68 



e. 



10 



78 



w. 



7 



85 



e. 



2 



87 



V,'. 



10 



97 



e. 



10 



107 



e. 



6 



113 





4 



117 



\v. 



3 



120 



w. 



O 



123 



w. 



5 



128 



w. 



2 



130 







140 



w. 







e. 



10 



150 



w. 



12 



162 





18 



180 





2 



182 



0. 



7 



189 





1 



190 





8 



198 





4 



202 



od R. 



2 



204 





16 



220 



30 houses. 



10 _ pop. 400 



6 houses. 



30 " 

 3 " 



5 houses, 

 pop. 600. 



10 iiouses. 

 30 " 

 pop. 350. 



3 houses. 

 15 " 

 20 " 



6 " 

 10 " 



5 " 



G " 



10 « 



5 " 



40 <' 



50 " 



7 " 



pop. 3,625. 



5 houses, 

 pop. 16,207. 



The price of passage from St. Louis to Peoria is .$5 for 

 cabin, fS2.50 for deck. From Peru or Ottawa, $3 for ca- 

 bin, 1.50 for deck. Way passages are much higher in 

 proportion. 



* " In the spring, 100 boats have been numbered, that 

 landed in one day at the mouth of the bayou at Madrid. 

 I have strolled to the point, on a spring evening, and seen 

 them arriving in fleets. The boisterous gayety of the 

 hands, the congrafulalicms, the moving picture of lile on 

 board the boats, in the numerous animals, large and small, 

 which they carry, their diflerent loads, the evidence of 

 the increasing agriculture of the country above, and more 

 than all, the immcn.se distances which they have alieady 

 come, and those whicii they still have to go, afforded me 

 copious sources of meditation. They have come from re- 

 gions thousands of miles apart ; they have floated to a 

 common point of union. The surfaces of the boats cover 

 some acres. Dunghill fowls are fluttering over the roofs, 

 ns an invariable appendage. The chanticleer raises his 

 piercing note ; the swine utter their cries ; the cattle low ; 

 the horses trample, as in their stables. There are boals 

 fitted on purpose, and loaded entirely with turkeys, that, 

 having little else to do, gobble most furiously. The hands 

 travel about from boat to boat, make inquiries and acquaint- 

 ances, and form alliances to yield mutual assistance to each 

 other, on their descent from this to New Orleans. After 

 an hour or two is passed in this way, they spring on shore 

 to raise the wind in town. 



"About midnight, the uproar is all hushed. The fleet 

 unites once more at Natchez or at New Orleans, and, al- 

 though they live on the same river, they may, perhaps, 

 never meet each other again on the earth. Next morning, a), 

 the first dawn, the buo-les sound. Everything in and about 

 the boats, that has life, is in motion. The boats, in half 

 an hour, aie all under way. In a little while, they have 

 all disappeared, and nothing is seen, as before they came. 



