294 



JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



" A farther characteristic of this disease is the shortening of the year's 

 twigs which bear the diseased leaves. The internodes or joints between 

 the leaves of these branches have scarcely been developed. The dwarfing 

 of the branch is not due to any attack from a fungus, for no fungus is 

 present in the tissues. The dwarfing is entirely due to the want of food 

 consequent on the early death of the leaf. That this is the case is 

 confirmed by the fact that some of the dwarfed branches have produced 

 in the following year vigorous normal shoots." 



The internal and external character of the diseased leaf is given, 

 and various stages of the fungus (Gnomonia crythrostoma, Auerswald) 

 are" illustrated. 



" The rapid spread of the disease in Altenland is traced to the over- 

 crowding of fruit trees and to the presence of open ditches in the 

 neighbourhood of the orchards, causing too much moisture, and so pre- 

 senting conditions favouring the growth of parasitic fungi. While such 

 adverse conditions should be remedied it is recommended, as the only 

 method of stamping out the disease, that the diseased leaves should be 

 gathered and burned." 



Cladosporium epipliyllum. — A form of this fungus caused "little 

 brown flecks" on the fruit. The growth of the fungus was entirely 

 superficial, and the mycelium had not penetrated into the tissue of the 

 fruit, but its growth was arrested. It is not a disease to cause any 

 apprehension, and will probably disappear with the dead leaves. 



Exoascus cerasi. — This fungus causes the disease known as " bull 

 boughs " or " witches' broom." It is said to be rare in England. — B. N. 



Chervil, An Experience in the Selection of the Wild. By 



Raymond Roger (Rev. Hort. pp. 192, 193; April 16, 1902 ; 1 woodcut). 

 M. Philippe de Yilmorin has published the results of selection starting 

 from the wild type of the wood Chervil (Anthriscus sylvestris) by the 

 late M. Henri de Yilmorin and subsequently by himself. The wild plant 

 has a long twisting fibrous root of acrid and disagreeable taste, and quite 

 unfit for culinary purposes, but by careful selection of seed from 1874 to 



1900 thick, fleshy, non -fibrous, tuberous, marketable roots have been 

 attained, as illustrated. This, however, is at the expense of the plant's 

 hardiness : it succumbs to temperatures which have no effect on its 

 wild progenitors. — C. 27. D. 



Chinch Bug". By Chas. D. Woods (U.S.A. Exp. Stn. Maine, 

 Report for 1901, pp. 182-184). — Chinch bugs during the summer of 



1901 were doing considerable damage to the Grass crop in Western Maine. 

 These insects are quickly killed by kerosene or kerosene emulsion, but it 

 is essential that it be thoroughly applied. — M. C. C. 



Chlorine for Buckwheat, Necessity of. By A. Mayer (Ann. Ayr. 

 p. 604 ; December 1901).— C. II. II. 



Christophine or Chayote (Sechium edule, Swz.), The. A new 



vegetable for the Cape. By P. MacOwan (Agr. Jour. Cape G.H. vol. xx. 

 pp. !>2 102 ; with plate). — The paper is by the Government botanist, who 

 states that "in 1895 M. Paillieux, a distinguished member of the French 



