ABSTRACTS. 



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list of species. Bulbs may be shifted in July, replanting immediately 

 four inches deep. — C. T. D. 



Cold and Cool Storage Experiments. By Prof. J. C. Blair ( U.S. A . 

 Hort. Soc. Illinois, 1901, pp. 65-89 ; plates). — This paper gives the results of 

 experimental work which has been carried on by the Department of Horti- 

 culture in the State of Illinois. The objects of the experiments are stated 

 to be as follows : — (1) Whether the construction of cold storage houses 

 by the commercial grower of Apples is possible, and whether the amount 

 saved will warrant the necessary outlay for building, &c. (2) Whether 

 small growers can afford to insulate their cellars. (3) What temperature 

 is best suited for the different varieties while in cold storage. The whole 

 idea of the cold storage problem is of course to extend the selling period 

 of fruit, and the author points out the necessity of careful attention to the 

 picking and handling of the fruit before it is ready for storage. 



The author proceeds to describe with detail, first, certain establish- 

 ments visited ; and secondly, plans and particulars for building, location, 

 &c, of cold storage houses, which he illustrates with five carefully pre- 

 pared plans in detail, showing measurements, &c. The cost of materials 

 and labour is also given, but this perhaps will not be of so much value to 

 those outside America. The Professor then gives details of location, cost, 

 &c. of cold storage cellars. 



The third object of the experiments, viz., the temperatures at which 

 fruit should be stored, would seem to be of more universal interest, and 

 although the experiments were not complete at the time of the paper 

 under review, yet it seems to have been decided that 31 degrees was 

 probably too low, as it often scalded, and so injured in selling quali- 

 ties ; 33, 35, and 37 degrees respectively are now being tried, the first 

 two being most probably the best. Cool storage, as distinct from cold 

 storage, seems to be placed at 45 to 52 degrees, i.e. approximately the 

 earth's temperature. — V. J. M. 



Colorado Potato Beetle. By Chas. D. Woods (U.S.A. Exp. Stn. 

 Maine, Bcport for 1901, pp. 177-180). — In a series of experiments in 

 1901 it was found that three applications of Paris green at the rate of 

 \ lb. to the acre are sufficient to keep the vines free from the Colorado 

 Potato beetle, provided the sprayings are made at such times as to have 

 the poison on all the foliage when the bugs first hatch. — M. C. C. 



Colour, Change of, in Flowers. A Sussex Naturalist (Gard. 

 Chron. No. 790; 13/2/1902).— The author discusses the object and 

 reason for some flowers during the short term of their existence changing 

 colour, and mentions the names of many that do so, but the conclusion 

 he comes to is not very satisfying*— G. S. S. 



Conifers, Hybrid. By S. Mottet (Bev. Hort. pp. 161-164 ; April 1, 

 1902 ; 4 woodcuts). — Illustrating in part an interesting description of a 

 number of hybrids, natural and artificial — C. T. D. 



Coniothecium. " Recherches sur la Morphologie, le Developpe- 

 ment, et la Position Systematique des Goniothecium.' n Par F. Gueguen 



