ABSTRACTS. 



347 



solely for ornament are described, the finest by a long way being 

 B. deliciosus, which is illustrated. The writer is well acquainted with 

 the subject, and describes clearly the various kinds and their particular 

 value at various seasons and in different positions in the garden. — W. G. 



Rubus palmatus. By Sir J. D. Hooker (Bot. Mag. tab. 7801). 

 Nat. ord. Rosacea, tribe Bubece. — Native of Japan and China. A very 

 elegant species, with white elliptic-shaped petals. It flowered with Messrs. 

 Veitch & Sons in 1899. It is now 20 ft. high at Kew. — G. H. 



Saintpaulia ionantha. By Ed. Andre (Bev. Hort. pp. 184, 185 ; 

 April 16, 1902). — Coloured plate illustrating three pretty varieties : alba, 

 rubra, and violacea; rubra is nearer mauve than red. — C. T. D. 



San Jose Scale, Spraying- Experiments for. By W. E. Britton 

 (U.S.A. Exp. Stn., Conn., Bull. 136; 2/1902; 2 figs.).— This pam- 

 phlet gives an account of spraying, with kerosene and water, crude oil, 

 and Babbitt's lye (1 lb. to 4 galls.), Peach trees in foliage. It was found 

 that crude oil with a specific gravity of 43° Beaume and a kerosene and 

 water mixture containing 20 per cent, kerosene were both effective in 

 destroying scale on dormant Peach trees, and did not harm the trees, 

 while the scale was kept in check on trees in foliage by an application of 

 kerosene and water in mixture containing 15 per cent, kerosene. The 

 most effective time to spray trees in foliage was in July. Crude oil and 

 water and common soap and water (1 lb. to 8 galls.) both caused injury to 

 the foliage.— F. J. C. 



San Jose Scale Investigations. By V. H. Lowe and P. J. 

 Parrott (U.S.A. Exp. Stn., New York, Bull. 202; 12/1901).— It was 

 found that in winter, spraying with crude petroleum emulsion containing 

 25 per cent, of petroleum or more, seriously injured Peach trees, while 

 Apple and European Plum trees were uninjured except by 40 per cent, 

 and stronger emulsions, and Pears and Cherries were uninjured either by 

 emulsified or undiluted petroleum. In spring spraying (before the buds 

 burst) the Plum trees were seriously injured by the undiluted and 

 slightly by the 60 per cent, emulsion, Peach trees by the 40 per cent., 

 Pears and Cherries uninjured. 



Twenty-five per cent, emulsion did not kill the scales, but 40 per cent, 

 killed them both in winter and spring. 



Hydrocyanic acid at *3 gram of cyanide per cubic foot of air space was 

 required to kill the scales in December, but in June they could be killed 

 with gas at -18 gram. Apple, Pear, Plum, and Cherry buds are uninjured 

 by the stronger gas, while Peach buds were slightly injured, but quite 

 uninjured with gas at a strength of *22 gram. 



Two plates illustrating the tent used for fumigating are given, and 

 numerous tables showing the result of the use of insecticides are set out. 

 Among other insecticides worthy of trial whale-oil soap and crude petro- 

 leum compound ; lime, sulphur, and salt wash ; and kerosene-lime emul- 

 sion are suggested. — F. J. C. 



Saxifraga oppositifolia and allied Species. By G. R. (Garden., 



