JOURNAL OK Til K ROYAL HORTICULTUKAL SOCIETY. 



prepared for outtinga by partially breaking them, or by cutting notches 

 in them, as pointed out by Monsieur (!. Potrat in the following 

 passage : — 



in the Mid of May and on into June the branch 61 of those varieties you want 



hi increase are pi iiclit'il , which causes the pinched Inn nehes, in a marked manner, to 

 thiow out n number Of secondary shoots, which arc notched j iihI at the bottom of the 

 shoot : this out tries to heal ilself, nnd to shut itself up hy forming a muss of cam- 

 Ilium, which, when the branch is entirely detached, acts on the cut ns the beginning 

 of a oallui and greatly helps to assist It in striking. Cuttings formed of branches 

 thus treated give wonderful results, sometimes us much ns HO to IK) per cent, of plants ; 

 for I he callus I bus set going continues at once to increase ns soon ns the cutting is 

 placed in the ground. 



('nltimjs planted upside down, — I must not venture to speak too ill 

 of odd ways of increasing plants, as I have myself invented at least two, 

 which I will make known later on. Their object is to avoid mildew, like 

 the one which I now quote, introduced hy Monsieur C. Potrat, who pub- 

 lished it in the Sentaine Iloiiieole : 



You can work from the first fortnight in July until about September 10. The 

 cuttings are detached either with or without heels, but histoid of culling them olT 

 immediately above the third eye. particular cure is taken to preserve all the internode 

 above it by not culling till after the fourth eye. The part left is culled the " (daw." * 



The cuttings thus prepared are planted under bell-glasses, in preference to frames, 

 which in this case are not very suitable. A shnded plot of ground is chosen facing 

 the north, and the bell glasses are shaded in the daytime with matting. The soil 

 ought, if possible, to be rather light. Generally one makes it oneself by using eQUft] 

 purls of river Band and leaf mould mixed with old hotbed soil in about equal 

 quantities, and the whole is covered with about ft to 7 centimetres of pure washed 

 river-snnd. The position being chosen and the soil prepared, it only remains to mark 

 .nil the places for the glasses and to dibble in the cuttings. This work should be 

 done in exactly the reverse way to the natural law of planting. For the cuttings are 

 inserted In'ad duirnwards. In fact the cuttings are put into the ground upside down, 

 so that the internode or "(daw " preserved may be entirely under the soil, with the 

 third eye of the cutting level with the ground. 



When the circle made by the base of the glass is full of cuttings, they are lightly 

 watered, and the glasses put, on, and that is all for the present. Nevertheless, mark 

 well, it requires a second operation to secure success. 



I orioH, you might think that the callus and roots must be formed and sent out 

 ill the end buried in the earth, but it is nothing of the kind. 



It you follow step by step the progress of propagation, you will see that little by 

 little the extremities of the cuttings, which are then in the air under the bell-glass 

 torn ii whitish ring, as if of mucilage, between the bark and the wood. This is the 

 " cambium," otherw ise called the reproduct i ve /one, which performs its duty and 

 Bpreadl little by little over the whole surface of the OUt to form the callus. This 

 formation takes place ill the twelve or fifteen days after planting. It is then that 

 the second operation must be performed, which consists in removing the hell-glasses 

 and examining the cuttings. To do this the cuttings are pulled up one by one, and 

 nil the " claws " which have been planted in the earth are removed with stcateUTS as 

 I at as the third eye. All those which have formed a good callus or offer S chance of 

 ■UOOeSI nre put on one side, whilst the others, as well as the removed "claws," are 

 thrown away. It only remains now to gently tree the upper part from soil, and to 

 leplant the cuttings under tin* same glasses, but this time right side upwards, with the 



oallui in the ground. 



Cuttings laid upon the Soil. These outtinga may be biassed with 



those planted upside down, hut they are at once planted in the ordinary 



* French outlet. 



