ABSTRACTS. 



1149 



D. filiformis, besides a number of more or less distinct ones, are men- 

 tioned. — G. B. 



Dwarfing of Garden Plants. By Jules Rudolph (Le Jard, April 

 20, 1902, p. 126). — Methods for the permanent dwarfing of suitable 

 subjects are discussed. — C. W. D. 



Edinburgh Worthies. By R. Hedger Wallace (Gard. Chron. 

 No. 826, p. 297 ; Oct. 25, 1902).— Many of the botanical and horticul- 

 tural authorities of the end of the eighteenth century and the beginning 

 of the nineteenth appear to have had some connection with Edinburgh. 

 Many of them are probably forgotten, and no attempt is made to name 

 them all ; but a short account is given of the life of Dr. Neill, Walter 

 Nichol, J. C. Loudon, Dr. Fothergill, Dr. Withering, and Sir Jas. Smith, 

 who was the founder of the Linnean Society. The writer says in con- 

 clusion : " We are aware that there are many more that might have been 

 mentioned. To these we may at some other time refer, if this sketch 

 awakens any interest among those who claim to be the ' Apostolic- 

 successors ' of the horticulturists of the past century." — G. S. S. 



Education in Connecticut, Agricultural. By Prof. R. W. 

 Stimson (U.S.A. St. Bd. Conn. Bep. 1901). — Gives the text of an address 

 to a farmers' convention on the work of the State-supported Agri- 

 cultural College in Connecticut and an account of its inception and 

 growth. — F. J. C. 



Egypt, Flora Of. Ed. (Joum. Hort. Dec. 25, 1902, p. 584).— 

 The great scarcity of wild flowers in Egypt, and their shabbiness, are 

 noticed.— C. W. D. 



Egypt, French Gardeners in. Ed. (Le Jard. March 5, 1902, p. 

 66). — As a proof of the appreciation in Egypt of French gardeners it is 

 noted that M. Jose Lamba has been appointed to an important horti- 

 cultural post at Cairo, and M. Derouin to the directorship of the public- 

 gardens at Khartoum. — C. TF. D. 



Elm, Branched Leaves in. By M. P. Vuillemin (Bev. Gen. Bot. 

 t. xiv., 1902, p. 49). — In a gathering of 92 leaves the author found 48 to 

 be abnormal. These were more or less branched, and the ramification 

 showed all styles from deep lobing up to formation of distinct petiolate 

 leaflets springing from the main petiole, and below the (always larger) 

 primary leaf-blade. M. Vuillemin does not regard this as an example 

 of chorisis, but as a reversion to the semblance of the opposite and 

 decussate leaves of the seedling. The suggestion is that the hereditary 

 tendencies which are manifested in the seedling may be still dormant in 

 the adult, and wakened by any excitation that can provoke a deviation 

 from the normal. The argument does not seem very cogent, for the case 

 is at best one of analogy only. — J. B. F. 



Elm-leaf Disease. By H. Klebahn (Zeit. f. Pflanz. xii. p. 258 ; 

 1902). — Phleospora idmi (Fr.) Wallr. occurs on living leaves of Elm in 



