THE PHYSIOLOGY OF PITCHER- PLANTS. 



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renamed Sarracena by Tournefort ("Inst. Rei. Herb." i., p. 567) 

 in 1700 ; and this name, altered to Sarracenia, was adopted by 

 Linnaeus in his " Genera Plantarum." Nepenthes was discovered 

 in Madagascar by Flacourt ("Descrip. Insul. Madagascar"), the 

 governor of that island, about the middle of the seventeenth 

 century, and was called Anramatiko by him. Shortly after- 

 wards another form of it was found in Ceylon by Paul Hermann 

 to which the name Bandura Cingalensium was given by Paul 

 Amman (" Char. Plant. Nat.," 1685, p. 194) ; an account of this 

 plant was also given by Hermann Nicolaus Grimm (" Ephem. 

 Acad. Nat. Curios.," ami. L, Dec. 2, 1682). Breyne (" Prod. Fasc. 

 Rar. Plant.," I., 1680, p. 18) says of the plant: — "Bandurae ramum, 

 foliis, folliculis, floribusque eondecoratum, ab Excellentissimo at- 

 que Magno illo Botanico Domino Hermanno pulchre siccatum, 

 et ex Zeilan Insula transmissum, Domini Commelyni Senatoris 

 Amstelodamensis gratiae debeo," and subsequently, in the second 

 part of his " Prodromus " (1689), he proposed the generic name 

 Nepenthes (describing the Ceylon plant as Nepenthes zeylanicum 

 flore minor e, nobis), a name which was adopted by Linmeus. 

 Other forms were discovered and variously named at different 

 times; for instance, one by Rumph (in the Malay Archipelago), 

 as Cantharifera ("Herb. Amboinense," V., p. 121, 1782), and 

 another by Loureiro ("El. Cochin.," II., p. 744, 1790) as 

 Phyllamphora mirabilis. 



The next of these plants to be described was Utricularia, 

 which is figured by Rivinus in his Ordo Plantarum quce sunt 

 flore irregulari monopetalo, 1690, under the name Lentibularia, 

 for which Linnaeus substituted the name Utricularia. Then, 

 after a long interval, came Cephalotus and Dischidia, both of 

 which are associated with Robert Brown. Though Cephalotus 

 was discovered by Labillardiere ("Nov. Holl. PI.," ii. 6, t. 145) in 

 1806, the best accounts of the plant are those given by R. Brown, 

 first in "Flinders' Voyage to Terra Australis," 1814 (Works, 

 Vol. i.), and secondly, in a special paper published in 1832, 

 (Works, Vol. ii.). Dischidia was discovered by Sir Joseph Banks, 

 in Australia, on the occasion of his visit in 1770, and was sub- 

 sequently named and formally described by R. Brown, in a paper 

 on the Asclepiadeas, which was read before the Wernerian 

 Natural History Society in 1809 (republished in Works, Vol. ii.) ; 

 but. curiously enough, he gives in this paper no special account 



