A \\-:.\\[ .\.M(>.\(i IlII': oKCllAKDS Ol- NONA SCo'llA. 
is deficient in potash, and that potash in some form sliould be given 
ill addition. 
Green manuring or cover-croppin,i( is mucli employed in Nova Scotia 
to supply vegetable matter. 
In Canada, wood ashes are the best possible manure. They are 
applied at the rate of twenty to forty bushels per acre, those from hard 
wood being better than those from fir trees. The ashes contain, when 
not washed by rain, about 5 to 7 per cent, potash, 2 per cent, phosphoric 
acid. 
As the available supply of farmyard manure and wood ashes is very 
limited, commercial fertilisers are largely used ; the two in most common 
use are finely ground bone meal, at the rate of 5 to 8 cwts. per acre, to 
supply phosphoric acid (28 per cent.) and nitrogen (3 per cent.), and 
muriate or chloride of potash, at 1 to 3 cwts. per acre, to supply potash 
(50 per cent.). Sulphate of potash is more rarely used : it contains about 
the same amount of potash. 
In the adjoining valley of the Gaspareau there is a bone mill, to which 
farmers take bones to be ground. 
Nitrate of soda is not, from what I noticed, much used in the Nova 
Scotian orchards, save sometimes to give young or old trees increased 
vigour. 
In a paper on Fertilisers for Orchards in Nova Scotia, published in 
The Farmers' Advocate, the following ingredients were recom- 
mended : — 
For small fruits (strawberries, raspberries), per acre : — 
150 lbs. nitrate of soda 
250 lbs. muriate of potash 
800 lbs. bone meal 
For apple orchards : — 
100 lbs. nitrate of soda 
200 lbs. muriate of potash 
550 lbs. bone meal 
For orchards with clover 
200 lbs. muriate of potash 
250 lbs. " Thomas" phos- 
phate (basic slag), at 16 
per cent, phosphoric acid 
E. B. Voorhes, of the New Jersey Experiment Station, said : — 
" To provide vegetable matter and to improve the physical quality of 
poor soils, apply yard manure once in four years, in fall or winter, at the 
rate of from five to ten tons per acre. To aid in the decomposition of 
vegetable matter, and to ensure a sufficiency of lime as plant food, apply 
lime at the rate of twenty-five bushels per acre once in five years. To 
provide, in addition, an abundance of all forms of available plant food at 
= { 
23 lbs. nitrogen. 
125 lbs. potash. 
18 lbs. nitrogen. 
184 lbs. phosphoric acid, 
15^ lbs. nitrogen. 
100 lbs. potash. 
/ 10^ lbs. nitrogen. 
\ 12G lbs. phosphoric acid. 
= 100 lbs. potash. 
= 41 lbs. 
