•2 so JOURNAL OF THE R'JYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
seasons lectures and demonstrations in cider-making have been delivered 
in manv places. 
I have already referred to one or more of the local vai'ieties of Apples, 
but there are many others, some of which may be heard of at some future 
date. One that is only known in the district where I Hve is very similar 
to 'Bismai'ck." Another land I do not think anyone can beat this for a 
name) is called ' Afal bach coch y Vandra,' or ' The httle red Apple of the ' 
Yandra.' It is a veiy heavy-cropping variety, but its best recommendation 
is its long-keeping quaUties. 
Before bringing my paper to a close I should like to add a word or so 
as to the filling up of vacancies or the renovation of old orchards. I know 
this is contrary to the advice given by some, but I want you to remember 
that we hve in the hilly districts of South Wales, and that we have not, as 
you have in many parts of England, thousands of acres of level country 
suitable for the formation of fruit plantations. The sites chosen by our 
forefathers have been the very best on the holding, especially with regard to 
son and shelter. I consider it far better in such a case to go to the expense 
of cartiug fresh soil to give the trees a good start, than to lay out an 
altogether new orchard in a far more exposed situation where the soil 
may not be so suitable. For many years I have carefully marked the 
results of such renovations, and I have no hesitation in saying that where 
the work has b£en done well such results have been quite satisfactory. 
