PAPERS SET AT THE EXAMINATIONS. 
311 
14. Describe the cultuie of Sea-kale, Asparagus, and French Beans, and the best 
method of forcing them. 
15. What are the best Manures for Kitchen and Fruit Gardens ? How ought 
they to be applied, and when? 
16. Describe the propagation and culture of Roses and Carnations intended to be 
cultivated under glass. 
1899. 
DIVISION A. 
Elementary Principles. 
1. Compare the structure of a Bean with that of an Onion Seed. How do they 
differ in germination ? Describe the peculiar movements which germinating seeds 
exhibit. 
2. What differences exist between the manner and places where rootlets arise from 
roots, and branches from stems ? Of what use are branches, and what trees have 
none ? 
3. What hinders the proper functions of leaves, and what should a cultivator 
attend to, in order to enable them to exercise their complete action ? 
4. Give any instances of failures, and state your opinion as to their causes, in 
crossing distinct species. What are the general characteristics of hybrids ? 
5. What is meant by " fixing " a new race, and how is it to be effected, if possible. 
6. Describe the flower of the Pea, of a Primrose, of a Salvia, and of any Orchid, 
and explain how they are adapted to insect pollination. 
7. What are the injurious effects of (i) too much water; of (ii) too great a heat ; 
and of (iii) excessive drought, upon plants ? 
8. To what natural orders do the following plants belong, and why. — Clematis, 
Malope, Geum, Gunnera, Fuchsia, Scabiosa, Coboea, Amaranthus, Ixia, and Ruscus? 
DIVISION B. 
Horticultural Practice. 
9. W^hat is generally understood in this country by an " American Garden " ? 
Give the names of the most suitable plants for it, and the best kind of soil. 
10. What is meant by a " Sub-tropical Garden " ? Describe the best position 
for such a garden ; also the most suitable plants, and how to cultivate them. 
11. What is the right width for garden paths and carriage drives ? Describe their 
formation, and the best materials to use. 
12. Is it possible to obtain a supply of Roses all the year round from an English 
garden ? Describe their propagation and culture under glass and in the open ground. 
13. What are the most useful Fruit-trees " to grow under glass? Describe the 
best form of glass structure for the purpose, and the method of culture. 
14. How would you proceed to obtain a succession of Garden Peas and Dwarf 
Kidney Beans ? Can they be obtained all the year rOund ? If so, how ? 
15. What plants are generally grown for Salads in British Gardens ? How may a 
supply be obtained all the year round ? 
16. What is the best aspect for a Flower Garden ? How would you proceed to lay 
it out, and stock it ? 
* The word is intended to exclude Tines. 
