182 



REV. D. GATH WHITLEY, ON 



(a common custom in the Palaeolithic Age), were placed close 

 to the side of the corpse. Either the body was painted when 

 it was placed in the grave, or the paint was laid by the side of 

 the corpse so that when the man entered the other world he 

 might paint himself and shine in all his coloured splendour 

 among his disembodied companions. The skull was large and 

 long,* and it contained a brain as large, or even larger, than 

 that of an average European. So far as brains were concerned, 

 the oldest men were no nearer the apes than are the English- 

 men of the present day.f The left arm was extended, and a 

 flint hatchet — to be used as a weapon in the other world — was 

 placed close to the left hand. 



Three skeletons were found in 1909 and 1910 by M. Peyrony, 

 at Sarlat, and La Eerrassie, in the Dordogne. They were 

 probably buried, and are now in the Paris Museum of Natural 

 History. Flint implements lay by the side of the skeletons. J 



3. Paviland. This is the only cave that contains a 

 Palaeolithic burial in Great Britain. It was thoroughly 

 explored by Dr. Buckland, who has given a most valuable 

 account of it, as well as pictures and sections of it. § The 

 cavern opens in the cliff some fifteen miles west of Swansea, 

 and is popularly known as the Goat's Hole. A breccia in it 

 contained bones of the horse, bear, hyaena and elephant, as well 

 as those of animals now living. Some ivory rods lay by a 

 mammoth's tusk, the date of the formation of which is 

 doubtful. Amidst the cave-earth lay a human skeleton, the 

 bones of which were stained red with oxide of iron. A 

 mammoth's skull and bones were found near the human 

 remains, and a number of shells for a necklace, and ivory rods 

 which were evidently ornaments of the deceased, lay close by 

 the human bones. There were also discovered in the cavern 

 the bones of the bear, horse, hyaena, and rhinoceros. The age 

 of this skeleton, which has been called " The Eed Lady of 

 Paviland " has been much disputed. There are the remains of 

 a British camp on the hill above, and Dr. Buckland connected 

 the skeleton with this entrenehmentJI Professor Boyd Dawkins, 

 grounding his opinion on the presence of the bones of recent 

 animals such as the sheep and goat in the cave, also thinks that 



* i.e., Dolichocephalic. 



t Cranial capacity of this skull, 1800 c.c. 



I Records of the Past, Vol. X, Part VI, p. 328. 



§ Reliquiae Diluvianoe, pp. 82-99. 



|| Ibid., p. 90. 



