74 THE P.EY. J. J. LIAS. M.A.. OX THE UNITY OF ISAIAH. 



" Mountain of the Lord's House." are common in Isaiah and 

 Micah. One passage occurs in both prophets ; but, as usual, 

 every conceivable explanation of the coincidence is defended 

 Some think that Isaiah quoted Micah ; others that Micah quoted 

 Isaiah : and others again that both quoted some older prophet. 

 What is of importance is that the expressions are not common 

 elsewhere, and that Micah and Isaiah were contemporaries. 



" Set up an ensign " (or " banner " or " standard "). It is 

 found four times in the undisputed Isaiah, three times in the 

 " fragments," twice in the * second " Isaiah. It occurs very 

 seldom elsewhere in the prophets, and is used in the Pentateuch 

 in a different sense. 



We are all familiar with the words " creep " and " creeping 

 thing " in Genesis l The same word occurs in Isaiah, where it 

 means t: to trample." It occurs seven times in the undisputed 

 chapters and twice in the " fragments." Here. then, we have a 

 sign of identity of authorship between Isaiah and the ''frag- 

 ments." In Genesis i the word is spelt differently and has a 

 different meaning. It is therefore certain that Isaiah is not 

 quoting Genesis in this case, nor can Genesis be quoting Isaiah ; 

 but there is evidence that Isaiah does quote Genesis i, and in 

 such a way that his quotation of it disposes of the theory that 

 Genesis i and ii are by different authors. The use of the 

 three Hebrew words translated " create," " make," tl form," in 

 Genesis i and ii has been used to prove a difference in the author- 

 ship of the two chapters, but in Isaiah xlv, 18, both Genesis i 

 and ii are quoted : — 



M For thus saith the Lord that created the heavens ; 



God Himself that formed the earth and made it ; 



He hath established it. 



He created it not in vain. 



He formed it to be inhabited : 



I am the Lord : and there is none else.'"' 



The words translated * created," " formed," " made/" are the 

 words used in Genesis i and ii ; and the word (tohu) translated 

 "void " in Genesis i, 2. is also used in Isaiah xlv, 18 (translated 

 " in vain "). If they do not involve a different author in the 

 last passage, neither can they in the former. The date of the 

 " second " Isaiah is r it is true, brought down by the critics to the 

 same period as that which they assign to Genesis i, but 

 Genesis i and ii are now supposed to have been combined 

 together in one volume at a later date stilL Critics have not 

 explained how it is that the " second " Isaiah quotes them as 

 though thev had alreadv been combined at the time he wrote. 



