190 CONTENTS. 



PAGE 



The Female Sexual Organs continued. 



thecium and the carpogenic cell ; final development of the latter, and production of asci. 

 Structure of the mature perithecium and function of its two cell-layers. Absorption of 



the ascus and discharge of spores 217 



Variations in the relation of the perithecium to the receptacle ; general correspondence 

 in the history of its development. Variations in the form of the trichogyne ; its fer- 

 tilization, how effected ; results of fertilization in different cases ; variation in number 

 of ascogenic cells produced ; the form and position of the latter. Kelation of the asci 

 to the ascogenic cell ; their form. Variations in the number of ascospores ; their 

 discharge, how effected. Destruction of surrounding cells and of canal cells by 

 spore- and ascus-mass. Variations in the development of the perithecium ; the latter 

 further illustrated by the genus Enarthromyces. Variations in the number of wall- 

 cells and their relation to the ascogenic cells ; perithecial appendages and out- 

 growths ; modifications of the lip-cells. Variations in the development and relations 

 of the parietal and canal-cells ; their general function ; assumption of a similar func- 

 tion by the basal cells of the perithecium ; obliteration of the cavity of the wall-cells. 



Eelations of the perithecial cells illustrated by their protoplasmic connections . . . 224 

 Summary of the Development of the Perithecium and Female Sexual Organs . 233 

 General relations and character of the cells ; the universal envelope surrounding 

 them ; character of the cell wall and presence of fibrillse in certain cases ; absence of any 

 test for cellulose. Character of the cell contents ; protoplasmic continuity ; nuclei . . 234 



Abnormal Morphology and Development 237 



Abnormal septation in the receptacle and branching of the appendages. Accessory peri- 

 thecia, of two kinds. Abnormal increase in number of antheridia; abnormal production 

 of the latter from the basal cells of the perithecium ; abnormal filaments similarly pro- 

 duced; substitution of an antheridial appendage for the perithecium. Atrophy of one 



individual of a spore pair 237 



Normal Variations. Such are influenced largely by size and character of host and 



position of growth 239 



Bate of Growth and Duration of Life Period 240 



Geographical Distribution 241 



General distribution ; distribution by continents. Range of species ; local occurrence . . . 243 



Hosts of Laboulbeniace^; 244 



Hosts in general. Table of host-insects. Comparison of representation of the genera among 

 different insect groups. Host habitats. Relation of parasite to host in regard to nutri- 

 tion and to position of growth, the latter often invariably fixed ; relation of hosts to type- 

 forms .' 244 



Parasites of Laboulbeniace^e 247 



Collection of Laboulbeniace^e. Their cultivation and preparation for examination, or for 



the herbarium . 248 



