Ch.VIIL south AMERICA. loi 



The only monuments of antiquity remaining in 

 the neighbourhood of Lima are the Guacas, or fe- 

 pulchres of the Indians, and fome walls, which were 

 built on both fides of the roads, and are frequently 

 feen all over this country. But three leagues north 

 eaft of the city, is a valley called Guachipa, are ftill 

 ftanding the walls of a large town. Through igno- 

 rance I did not vifit them whilft I was at Lima ; 

 the account of them, however, which the ingenious 

 marquis de Valde Lyrios was pleafed to give me, 

 may be equally relied on, as if related from my own 

 knowledge efpecially as he took a very accurate 

 furvey of the whole. He obferved, that the flreets 

 were very narrow, that the walls of the houfes, 

 which in common with all the buildings of that 

 time were without roofs, were only of mud, and that 

 each houfe confifted of three fmall fquare apart- 

 ments. The doors towards the ftreet, were not fo 

 high as the general ftature of a man, but the walls 

 wanted little of three yards. Among all the houfes 

 which compofed this, large town, fituated at the foot 

 of a mountain, is one, whofe walls overlook all the 

 others, and thence it is concluded to have belonged 

 to the Cafiqwe or prince ; though its ruinous condi- 

 tion render it impofTible to determine abfolutely. The 

 inhabitants of this valley, where the fruitful fields 

 are watered from the river Rimac, at no great dif- 

 tance from thefe ruins, call them old Caxamarca, 

 though it cannot now be difcovered whether that 

 was the real name of the town in the times of Paga- 

 nifm. For there neither remains any memorial of 

 fuch tradition, nor any mention of it in the hiftories 

 of that kingdom, written by Garcilazo, and Herrera ; 

 fo that all we know is, that the epithet old is now 

 applied to it by way of diftindtion from the prefent 

 town of Caxamarca. 



One aftonifhing particular in the walls of this 

 town, and in all others in the neighbouring valleys 



H 3 is, 



