Ch. XIII. SOUTH AMERICA. 14^ 



III. Tucuman, IV. Paraguay. 



Y. Buenos Ayres. 

 Archbidioprick of the Audience of Chacas, or 



Chuquifaca. 



La Plata. 



The Spaniards having conquered all the pro- 

 vinces between Tumbez and Cufco, and qudled the 

 tumults fomented among the conquerors themfelves, 

 turned their thoughts on reducing the more remote 

 nations. Accordingly in the year 1538, Gonzala 

 Pizarro, and other commanders, marched from Cui- 

 co at the head of a large body of troops, and ad- 

 vancing as far as Charcas, were oppoled by the 

 nations inhabiting this country, and the Carangues, 

 with fuch vigour, that it was not till after feveral 

 obftinate battles that they fubmitted. But their re- 

 fiftance did not equal that made by the Chuquifa- 

 cas ; foi* Pizarro having, after feveral adions, pene- 

 trated to their principal town, they befieged him in 

 it, and the danger was fo great, that without the 

 fpeedy fuccours fent him from Cufco by his brother 

 the marquis Don Francifco Pizarro, the few Spani- 

 ards Vv'ho furvived the former adlions would have 

 been all cut off. But on the arrival of this rein- 

 forcement, among v/hich were a great number of 

 volunteers of difl:in6lion, he routed the Indians, who 

 being no longer able to continue the war, fubmitted, 

 and acknowledged the fovereignty of the king of Spain, 

 In the following year 1539, Pizarro convinced of 

 the importance of making a ftrong fettlement there, 

 commiiTioned captain Pedro Anzures to build a 

 town, which was accordingly done on the fite qf 

 that of Chuquifaca, and great numbers of thofe who 

 had Pnared in the conqueft, continued there in order 

 to fubdue the other contiguous nations. This town 

 % they called Plata, alluding to the filver mines of the 

 mountain of Porco in its neighbourhood, and from 

 which the Yncas received great quantities of filver, 



keeping 



