Ch.XV. south AMERICA. 189 



cefles, it now remains only to conclude my de- 

 Icription of the kingdom of Peru, with an account 

 of the kingdom and audience of Chili ; but the 

 many objeds of importance in it fo well defcrves 

 to be fully treated of, that 1 thought proper to re- 

 ferve them for the following book ; thofe included 

 in this, as I have mentioned in its place, merited a 

 much greater prolixity \ for from what has been 

 faid in the firft volume of the province of Quito, 

 fome idea of the difference between the two with 

 regard to the number of people, towns and villages, 

 trade and commerce, may be conceived ; the pro- 

 vince of Quito having only one diocefs and part of 

 another whereas Lima contains one archbifhopric, 

 and four bifhoprics ; and that of Charcas one bifhcj- 

 pric more than that of Lima. In the province of 

 Qiiito only a few mines are worked, and thofe to 

 little advantage ; whereas the mines of Lima and 

 Charcas, by their immenfe riches, draw thither great 

 numbers of traders and induftrious people, and thus 

 fpread wealth and affluence through the whole coun- 

 try, by the brilk circulation of trade. It muft how- 

 ever be owned, that the number of people in thefe 

 provinces bear no proportion to their extent j and it 

 is with too much truth faid, that they are in many 

 places almoft deftitute of people ; for fuppofing a 

 corregidor to have twenty villages under his jurif- 

 didlon ; yet if the leaft: extent of it be thirty leagues 

 one way, and fifteen another, they muft be very 

 rhin. For draw a parallelogram of that dimen- 

 fion, it Vv'ill contain 450 fquare leagues of ground, 

 and confequently the lhare to each village will be 

 twenty two fquare leagues and a half. This calcula- 

 tion is made from the fmalleft diftances, there being 

 jurifdidtions of a far greater extent; and others, 

 which, though equal in dimenfions, have not twenty 

 villages. What has been faid of the produds and 

 manufadures in j^^ch jurifdi<5iion muft 1;)^ vindcrftood 



in 



