26 JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



arduous expedition, with horses, of over 100 miles from the railway, 

 I was rewarded by finding two groves of this very distinct tree growing 

 on the Oregon side of the ridge at about 4,000 feet. The drooping 

 branchlets hang downwards 6 or 8 feet long, like those of a Babylonian 

 willow. 



On our journey we passed many splendid specimens of that finest 

 of all pines, Pinus Lambertiana (figs. 21, 22), with its 20-inch cones 

 hanging from the ends of its branches. The symmetrical outward 

 sweep of the branches is most beautiful ; the few trees growing in 

 Great Britain give no idea whatever of this magnificent tree in its native 

 land. Pinus ponderosa is the prevailing timber of the region ; the broad 

 red plates of bark show up strikingly in the sunshine among the grey 

 sparse undergrowth of Manzanita and Ceanothus. The rainfall is much 

 less than in the Puget Sound country, and consequently there is not the 

 deep growth of moisture-loving shrubs, mosses, and ferns. In the open 

 boggy places we saw thick clumps of the pitcher-plant, Darlingtonia 

 calif ornica, which grew mingled with gentians. The lower woodlands 

 contain fine trees of those tall evergreens Quercus densiflora, Castanopsis 

 chrysophylla, and Umbelhdaria califomica ; all three grow fairly 

 well in the south of England, but give no promise of becoming the 

 stately trees they are in Southern Oregon. Indeed, the timber of the 

 Californian bay is large enough to be used for furniture-making, and 

 is a good deal prized. Primus demissa, a Western Padus, was covered 

 with its tassels of scarlet fruit. We passed a few trees of Chamae- 

 cyparis Lawsoniana on our way to find the ' Weeping Spruce'; the 

 climate was too dry for it, however, and it is not seen as a fine tree till 

 nearer the coast, where it attains an immense height. Abies Lowiana, 

 Libocedrus decurrens, and the form of Pinus ponderosa, sometimes 

 distinguished as the species P. Jeffreyi, were common. On the open 

 ground of the plains were Quercus Wislizeni and Quercus Garry ana, 

 the former an evergreen, and the latter perhaps more like our own 

 pedunculate oak than any other of the many species of the Pacific 

 Coast. 



I have chosen for my fourth locality the Monterey neighbourhood, 

 80 miles south of San Francisco, on the coast. A small area of a few 

 square miles, battered by all the gales of the Pacific, is the natural 

 habitat of two trees which I suppose have been more widely dis- 

 tributed over the world than any others. Pinus insignis, which also 

 occurs on a few of the islands of Southern California, and Cupressus 

 macrocarpa, which is only found at Monterey, have long ago been 

 introduced to Western and Southern Europe, the Cape, Chile, and 

 New Zealand, where they can be seen thriving as in their native 

 California. It is a remarkable fact that species so adaptable to different 

 soils and climates should in their own habitat be confined to so tiny 

 an area. My photographs (fig. 23, 24) show picturesque and gnarled 

 trees of the cypress which must be of great age. Pinus insignis, 

 perhaps the fastest growing of any pine, is not long-lived, and I doubt 

 if trees of it exist older than 150 years. 



