170 JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



Trollius cninensis [BoL Mag. tab. S565). — North China. Nat. Ord. fioMMW- 

 laceae, tribe Helleboreae. Herb, perennial. Leaves palmately 5-partite ; flowers 

 z\ inches across, orange-coloured; petals 20, linear. — G. H. 



Vegetables, Modern Methods of Raising under Glass. By A. Stappaerts 



(Rev. Hort. Beige, March-June 15, 1914; figs.). — A series of articles on 

 growing vegetables under frames or cloches. In the former case designs which 

 can be easily and cheaply carried out at home are given, and for market gardening 

 frames which can be taken to pieces and put away when not in use are strongly 

 recommended. The points aimed at with every form of forcing for market is 

 so to space your crops and such a succession to adopt that your glass may never be 

 a moment not in use, and may never, in the case of cloches, have to be carried far 

 to its next duty-. — M. L. H.~ 



Viburnum Karryanum. By W. J. Bean (Kew Bull. 1914, p. 53). — An ever- 

 green shrub, from 6 to S feet tall, with black fruits. Named for Sir Harry Yeitch. 

 Introduced from W. China. — F. J. C. 



Walnut Tree, Whipping (Jour. Dep. Agr. Vict. February 1915, p. 78). — No 

 doubt the object of flogging the walnut trees was a rough method of producing 

 upon aged trees a more vigorous and^a greater quantity of spring or nut-bearing 

 wood-growths, thereby increasing the crop. Many growers still maintain that 

 flogging the tree to harvest the crop has a beneficial effect upon the future season's 

 crop. 



There is little doubt that light pruning and the removal of overcrowded 

 branches are just as beneficial to the walnut tree as to other trees by stimulating 

 old and forming new growths, and allowing free access of light and air to the 

 inner branches of the trees. — -C. H. H. 



Walnut-trees for Victoria J::<r. Dip. Apr. V:;:. February 1915. p. 153;,. — 

 California having by selection improved on the original old English walnut, 

 young trees grafted or budded of the following varieties — Chase, Concord, Eureka, 

 Franquette, Placentia and San Jose — are recommended to be introduced from 

 America into the country. — C. H. H. 



Watercress, The Cultivation of. Anon. (Jour. Bd. A sr. xxi. pp. 1093- 

 1098 ; March 191 5 ; plates). — An account of commercial growing of both brown 

 and green watercress, with estimates of the cost of the operations involved. 



F./.C, 



Waterproofing Coats (Queensland Agr. Jour. p. 357; May 1914). — Dissolve 

 \ lb. shredded yellow soap m 1 quart of hot water. Then stir in 1 gallon of boiled 

 Unseed oil and 3 02. of turps. Give the material two or three coats of this. 



C. H. H. 



White Flies in Florida, Spraying for. By W. \Y. Yothers (U.S.A. Dep. 

 Agr., Bur. Ent., Cir. 168, April 1913). — White flies are destructive to the 

 citrus trees in Florida, causing the trees to be covered with a sooty mould, which, 

 in conjunction with loss of sap, causes a reduction in crop of from 25 to 50 per 

 cent. 



Two types of white fly are described, and several mixtures are recommended 

 for their destruction. 



A special formula is given as highly efficient : — 



Whale oil soap . . . . . . S lb. or 1 gallon. 



Par affin oil ..... 2 gallons. 



Water . 1 gallon. 



The paraffin should be 24 0 or 28 0 Baume. Place soap in 5-gailon receptacle, 

 add oil slowly while vigorously stirring, so as to form emulsion. — C. P. C. 



White-Pine Blister Rust. By Perley Spaulding (U.S^A. Dip. Agr., Bur. 

 PI. Ind., Bull. 116, pp. 1-8). — This paper is intended as a supplement of 

 Bulletin 206, " The Blister Rust of Y"hite Pine " caused by Cronartium ribiccla. 

 It deals with some further outbreaks of the disease. Near the original centre 

 of infection were a single Ribes nigrum, some R. vulgare, and some R. Grossularia 

 whose foliage was badly attacked by the uredospores. Apparently they served 

 as an intermediate host and are supposed to enable the fungus to winter, though 

 experiments gave negative results. The chief hosts, however, are the pines, 

 including Pinus Strobus and P. excelsa, which bear the aecidiospores. 



The control measures suggested are the total destruction of the infected 

 \\ bite pines and Ribes nigrum. — A . B. 



