REPORT OF THE TULIP NOMENCLATURE COMMITTEE. 239 



flowers in different classes, though varieties of common origin may 

 have to go into different classes, and some varieties have to be placed 

 rather arbitrarily on one side or other of the dividing line. 



The classification begins by dividing the garden Tulips into early 

 and late flowering, in practice a good division, though one or two 

 intermediate varieties, like ' Le Reve,' exist and others may be 

 expected. Certain races like the ' Van Thols ' may be distinguished 

 among the earlies; some of them break, and quite a number of 

 double forms exist. 



Turning to the late or May-flowering Tulips, the main groups that 

 have been adopted are Breeders, Broken, and Cottage Tulips, with 

 minor groups for the Doubles and the Parrot Tulips. 



The Breeders or self-coloured Tulips have already been defined. 

 Though they all originate from a common stock and have much in 

 common, they are subdivided into three sections, Dutch, English, 

 and Darwins. 



The Dutch represent the old parent stock ; they show all shades 

 of rose and purple (called ' Bybloemen ') which have white grounds, 

 and again all shades of scarlet and brown, the ' Bizarres,' which possess 

 a yellow ground. The bases may be of any shade of blue down to pure 

 white ; the form, sometimes a true cup, is generally egg-shaped when 

 not fully expanded, with somewhat long and even pointed petals. 



The English Tulips were segregated from the original Dutch 

 stock during the early years of the nineteenth century by the labours 

 of the English florists who insisted and refined upon certain points 

 of excellence that had already been recognized by the Dutch florists. 

 The segments must be broad and rounded and open to a true cup, 

 approximately a hemisphere ; the colours are generally clearer and 

 brighter than those of the Dutch breeders, and the base must always 

 be clean white or yellow without any trace of blue. They are sub- 

 divided into ' Roses ' (all shades of pink and rose), ' Bybloemen ' (purple 

 and violet), both of which possess white grounds and bases, and 

 ' Bizarres ' (various shades of scarlet and brown) with yellow grounds 

 and bases. The other distinctive properties of the English Tulip are 

 seen only in the broken state. 



Somewhere, it is believed in Flanders, another race was segregated 

 from the original Dutch stock and was introduced into commerce in 

 1899 by Krelage under the name of ' Darwin Tulips.' They possess 

 a stronger constitution than the original stock, grow taller, and have 

 larger flowers of great substance. The shape is also characteristic ; the 

 flower segments spring at right angles from the stem and turn again at 

 right angles to form the cup, so that the whole flower possesses a distinc- 

 tive, squarely-built profile (figs. 81, 82). Among the Darwins the yellow 

 ground has been ehminated, so that only shades of rose and purple are 

 recognized. The base may be any shade of blue down to pure white. 



To the three classes of breeders, Dutch, English, and Darwins, 

 correspond three classes of broken Tulips, for all members of this 

 great group possess the property of breaking. The Dutch broken 



