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APPENDIX. 



by me from the ' Orchard and Fruit Garden,' "by 

 Mackintosh. I cut back to three or four buds some 

 maiden pear trees grafted on the quince, and when 

 they threw out three shoots I tied them down, so as to 

 give to each a horizontal direction. The following- 

 year I placed round them eight stakes, about eighteen 

 inches from the stem, and equidistant from each other, 

 and outside those stakes the branches were trained in 

 a spiral form. I transferred some of those to the bor- 

 ders of the walk leading to my orchard house. The 

 stakes round which the branches are trained are 

 painted white, and secured in their proper positions by 

 a hoop of round iron fastened inside the top. The trees 

 look well and bear well. A Passe Colmar managed 

 in this way was loaded with fruit last year, and attract- 

 ed much attention. I consider that this plan possesses 

 many advantages — the trees may be kept near the 

 ground, and thus have more 'heat ; the air circulates 

 freely inside ; then the sun shines on every branch du- 

 ring some portion of the day, and the fruit, however 

 large, is not liable to be blown down. . The method 

 might be called, not inappropriately, after that ancient 

 and useful instrument the corkscrew ; but, if you find 

 the term too homely, let it be en ti 're-bo uehon. 



" With best wishes for your long life and health, 

 both for your own sake and for the interests of horti- 

 culture, on which you have already conferred so many 

 benefits, 



" I remain, dear Sir, 



" Yours truly, 



"Joseph Meadows." 



