124 Professor BtfHLEE on the Sanskrit Lingualsl 



exhibit the phonetic changes just described. We find there 

 kata, for karta, dudabha for durdabha, dudaca for durdac,a 

 dudhi for durdhi and kuta for krita. 



Secondly, the classical Sanskrit likewise possesses many 

 forms, which have been affected by the Prakrit laws of 

 change. But it is impossible to speak of them with the 

 same confidence as to the Vedic words, since in most cases 

 only one, the altered form, has remained in use, or the 

 two forms differ in their meanings. 



Thus natayati, ' he dances, he acts/ stands for nartayati. 

 Bhata ' to support, to hire,' is apparently a denominative 

 from the participle perfect of bhri, bhrita ' supported, 

 hired.' Katu 'sharp,' probably stands for kartu (see 

 above) and is derived from krit ' to cut.' From the same 

 root, I think, kanta ' thorn' is derived,where the n of krit re- 

 appears as in krintana. Tata ' the bank of a river,' perhaps is 

 derived from the root tri ' to cross over' and corrupted from 

 tarta : compare para ' bank' from parayati ' he crosses over.' 

 Vata ' garden,' ' plantation' from root vri ( to enclose/ stand- 

 ing for varm. 



Further we find numerous offshoots of the root trid ' to 

 strike, to destroy, to split/ in which the ( d' has been lin- 

 gual ised : — 



1. ) The two verbs tandate and tadayati=(tardayati) ' he 

 beats/ The ' n' of tand is explained by the present form 

 of trid, trinatti.' 



2. ) Tadit 1 lightning' (compare the German Schlag, Wet- 

 terschlag) 



3. ) Tandula 'grain especially ricegrains, (compare Latin 

 granum = Gothic kaurn, English corn, which apparently are 



derived from the root gar, Sanskrit jri, coutcri, 



