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[XO. S, KEW SERIB8, 
quality ; and so much had the native manufacturers preferred it 
that little had reached Lancashire. 
A deputation from the Manchester Commercial Association having 
"waited on the Directors of the East India Company, 5,000 bales of 
the best and cleanest cotton from American Seed were to be pur- 
chased, and shipped to this country, that English Spinners might 
have an opportunity of testing its qualities, in comparison "with 
American Growth. 
Thus has the American Saw Gin been advantageously applied 
in India ; and it may also be applied in Tropical Africa, where in- 
digenous cotton exists ;— or wherever a favourable climate admits 
of the seed being cultivated ; for it is upon the power, continuous 
motion, and expedition of the Saw Gin, accompanied by the Screw 
Press for baleing it, that free labour must depend for success ; 
and, where the more productive climate of the Tropics affords so 
much larger returns than more temperate regions, there is every 
reason to expect successful competition with slave labour. 
ROLLER AND SAW GISS. 
A short explanation of the Roller aind Saw Gins may enable 
their application to be better understood. The Roller Gin, com- 
monly used in India, consists of two pieces of round hard wood, 
about J to I of an inch in diameter, fixed horizontally into an upright 
frame, and turned by an endless screw, or oblique cogs, by means 
of a crank-handle ; so that any cotton presented between the two 
rollers is drawn through, and the seed not being able to pass, flies 
off. It so happens, however that the cotton of one seed gets en- 
tangled with that of another, especially if small, (as some of that 
of India is), whereby some seeds get pulled through, nii:<ing with 
the wool, and staining it from the oil crushed out by the pressure. 
This process is slow, and drags much of the dirt of the field along 
with it ; though it is supposed to hurt the staple less than the 
Saw Gin. A model of this Roller Gin may be seen in the East 
India Company's Museum, among those of oriental imple- 
ments. When seeds are covered with a thick down, the process 
is too slow to allow even fine cotton to be freed from the seed by 
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