120 Selecltons. [so. S, kew seeies, 
they allow no grog shops in their neighbourhood, they having 
found that the expense of maintaining the paupers thereby created, 
costs them more than each State gains by the sale of licenses to 
publicans ; thus they save the strength, time, and continuous labour 
of their workmen. Generally in their other manufactories, the 
vrcrkmen breakfast at seven in the morping, before commencing 
work, and are reckoned to save from fifteen to twenty minutes, which 
otherwise would te lost in recommencing and collecting their 
tools, kc kc. 
EAST INDIA COTTON. = 
Having mentioned the broken leaves mixed among the Indian 
Cotton, let us now refer to the cause. The pod of Cotton consists 
of three divisions, which on becoming ripe, open and separate from 
each other under the influence of a hot sun, allowing their contents 
to drop either more or less out, and to become exposed to wind 
and weather. Three fine leaves surround the pod, which soon 
become brown and dry, and get mixed with the Cotton when left 
neglected on the tree : so as to render it very difficult to remove 
the Cotton seed without breaking these dry and get mixed with 
the Cotton when lefi neglected on the tree ; so as to render 
it very difBcult to remove the Cottcn Seed without breaking 
these dry leaves, and intermixing them with the wool. But, if 
the Seed Cotton is removed as the pods successively open, these 
three leaves are then tough and yellow, and allow it to be 
picked out entire and unbroken. The smaller fingers of women 
and children are found more nimble and better adapted than the 
larger fingers of men, for picking out these three clusters of Seed 
Cotton without breaking the leaves. The common East India 
Cotton seems to be left long exposed, and comes home mixed with 
leaves, twigs and sand : the refuse, when the whole is put through 
the saw gin, being one-fourth of the quantity brought from the 
field ; whereas at Manchester, the waste on American does not ex- 
ceed 10 per cent. This neglect is ascribed to the number of Hin- 
doo holidays, the control of country bankers over the growers, and 
the apprehension of a higher annual land-tax being exacted by the 
East India Company should they produce a better article. 
