38 



GEOLOGY. 



bones. The horns have no bony centre or core, being entirely made 

 up of longitudinal fibres, like hair, soldered together ; they are seldom 

 preserved in a fossil state, but the surface of the nasal bones shows 

 a roughened scar where the horn grew. To give strength to the 

 nasal bones which support the horn when used as a weapon of 

 offence, the division between the nostrils (usually more or less car- 

 tilaginous), was hardened by the addition of bony matter so as to 

 form a veritable T-girder. 



The Tichorhine Rhinoceros, generally known as the " woolly Rhino- 

 ceros " fromfhaving a smooth skin without folds, covered with a woolly 

 and hairy coat, like the " Mammoth," had two horns, one very large. 

 It has been found in frozen soil in Siberia with the skin, the 

 horns, and the flesh still preserved. 



Its remains occur fossil in rocks of Newer Tertiary age ail over 

 the Old World. It was once a denizen of this country, being met with 

 in many limestone caves and also in the Brick-earths of Essex, 

 from which last-named deposit several fine examples may be seen. 

 Five species have been found fossil in this country, three of which 

 inhabited the Valley of the Thames. (See Fig. 8.) 



There are also placed in these Cases several forms of Rhinoceros, 

 some of which departed widely from the general type. 



On one 6ide of Table-case 4 is exhibited a series of the teeth of 

 Rhinoceroses from the Norfolk Forest-bed ; from Grays, E^sex ; from 

 Kent's Hole, near Torquay; from Epplesheim, Hesse-Darmstadt ; 

 from the Val d'Arno, &c. On the other side is placed a series 

 comprising several species of Palaotherium, an Eocene genus of 

 animals probably related to the Tapir. The remains of this extinct 

 mammal are found at Hordwell, Hants; Bembridge, Isle of Wight; 

 Montmartre, Paris ; Vaucluse, Auvergne ; Wurtemberg, &c. 



Fig. 0. — Palseotherium, Eocene, Montmartre (restored). (See Table-case 4.) 



In the small Table-table No. 4a are placed the remains of an allied 

 genus, Palaplotherium, from Hordwell, Hants, and Vaucluse, in 

 France ; three species of fossil Tapir from the Auvergne, Epplesheim, 

 Minas Geraes, Brazil, and from China; the genus Lophiodon from 



