GEOLOGY. 



31 



canine teeth, and also for its wide geographical distribution. Fossil 

 remains of species of this <£ sabre-toothed tiger" have been met 

 with in Kent's Cavern, Torquay, 

 in the Norfolk Forest-bed, in the 

 Miocene Tertiary deposits of Ep- 

 plesheim in Germany, the Au- 

 vergne in France, the Val d'Arno 

 in Italy, the Pampas deposits and 

 the bone-caves of South America, 

 and the Upper Miocene Fresh- 

 water limestones of the Sewalik 

 Hills in India. 



The Machairodus is now quite 

 extinct. 



Another extinct species, whose 

 remains have also been obtained 

 from the alluvial deposits of 

 Buenos Ayres, is the Arctoido- 

 therium, an animal nearly related 

 to the bears. (See Wall-case 1.) 



Hymnodon, Pterodoti, &c, from 

 the Lower Tertiaries of France, 

 are placed (temporarily) in Table-case No. 1a. 



In a small Table-case (No. 2a) are placed the remains of the 

 earliest representatives of the Carnivora, the Amphicyon, Simocyon, 

 Dinocyon, and Cynodictis, together with other Miocene types ; also 

 remains of the Glutton, Badger, Otter, Marten, and Weasel. Here 

 are placed a jaw of Walrus from the Dogger Bank, and remains of the 

 Grizzly Bear (Ursus ferox fossilis), from Grays, Essex. 



A fine series of remains of the Great Cave Bears fills the whole of 

 Table-case No. 3. The caves of Sundwig, Rabenstein, Kuhloch, and 

 Oailenreuth in Franconia, are well represented. 



Fig. 2.— Skull of the " Great Sabre-toothed 

 Tiger," Machairodus; from the Newer 

 Tertiary deposits of South America. 



ORDER VII.— PROBOSCIDEA (Elephants). 



The cases on the North side of this Gallery are nearly entirely 

 devoted to the exhibition of a very large series of fossil re- 

 mains of the order Proboscidea,* represented at the present day 

 by the Elephant alone, and in past times by the Elephant, 

 the Mastodon, and the Dinotherium. These animals have no 

 canine teeth, and in this character they resemble the Rodentia (Rats 

 and Rabbits) ; the molars or grinding teeth are few in number, but 

 large, and marked by ridges or tubercles. 



The teeth of the Elephant and Mastodon differ from those of other 



* Animals furnished "with a long flexible trunk-like snout or proboscis. The 

 Elephants occupy Pier-cases 15 to 22, "Wall-case 23, and Table-cases Nos. 17 to 23, 

 .and part of 24, on the North side of this Grallery. 



