No. 4.— 1848.] BUDDHISM. — PATTA RAMMA. 21 



They replied: "Excellent Gotama, we do not distinctly 

 understand the meaning of what has been thus succinctly and 

 generally declared. Will the excellent Gotamo explain that 

 which has been thus declared, so that we may clearly under- 

 stand it?" 



" I will explain it. Cultivators, listen and carefully consider." 

 The Brahmins and cultivators of Weranja replied : " Do 

 so, Gotama." 



Bhagawa accordingly said : " There are three kinds of vice 

 and profligacy in action, four kinds in speech, and three in the 

 dispositions of the mind. 



"What, cultivators, are the three kinds of vice and profligacy 

 in action? A man is a destroyer of animal life, cruel, bloody- 

 handed, constantly tormenting and destroying, and unkind to all 

 around him. Or he is a thief, taking the property of others, 

 whether it be deposited in an inhabited or uninhabited place, 

 appropriating to himself, with a dishonest intent, property which 

 is not given to him. Or he is dissolute in his conduct with 

 females, having illicit intercourse with such as are under the 

 guardianship of a mother, of a father, of a brother, of a sister, or 

 of relatives, or who may have a husband or be a ward of the 

 Crown, or contracted to a man by having only a flower garland 

 thrown over her person. Such, cultivators, are the three kinds 

 of vice and profligacy connected with the body. 



" What are the four kinds of vice and profligacy in speech ? 

 A man, cultivators, is a liar. He is summoned to give evidence 

 in a court of justice, or in the presence of his attendants and 

 relatives, or before a general assembly, or in the king's palace i 

 and when it is said to him—' 0 man ! speak that which you 

 know," he says 6 1 know, 5 concerning that of which he is ignorant ; 

 i I do not know,' concerning that with which he is acquainted ; 

 i I saw,' concerning that which he did not see ; and \ I saw not/ 

 concerning that which he did see ; and thus, whether to benefit 

 himself or others, or in consequence of being bribed, he 



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