Budhism :—Laws of the Budhist Priesthood, 19 



Sariputto and Moggalano then approached Bagawa, and 

 bowing their heads down to his feet, they said, Receive us, 

 Lord, as priests under the direction of Bagawa, and allow 

 us to obtain Upasampada. Budha replied, Approach, priests, 

 clearly declared is the doctrine ; walk in the pure path for the 

 entire extinction of sorrow. By these words they received 

 Upasampada. 



At that time spiritual superiors ( £^^£53)3 upajjha ) and 

 preceptors ( efo©£c3o achariya ) had not been appointed ; in 

 consequence of which, many of the priests being uninstructed, 

 were slovenly in their dress, solicited alms in an improper 

 manner, and were noisy and loud in their conversation. The 

 populace were displeased at this, and loudly expressed their 

 disapprobation. The modest and grave priests expressed 

 their disapprobation of such conduct, and reported the cir- 

 cumstances to Budha, who convened an assembly of the 

 priests, censured the offenders, and gave the following 

 precept ; 



3. Priests, I permit ( or direct ) that there shall be spi- 

 ritual superiors. 



He then details the relative duties of the superior, 

 ( upajjhayo (^sse^Sb^cao ) and his co-resident priest ( saddhi- 

 wihariko zsc§i)&&n8fri5M ). The superior is to regard his co- 

 resident as his son, and the co-resident shall regard his 

 superior as a father, and they are mutually to respect and 

 honor each other. No priest can intrude himself upon 

 another as his spiritual father or superior, but must be so- 

 licited to undertake the office by the priest wishing to 

 become his co-resident. The applicant must come to the 

 priest, remove his robe from one shoulder, worship the feet 

 of the priest ( i. e. bow down to the ground before him ), 

 and then kneeling down, shall say, with joined and uplifted 

 hands, Lord, become my spiritual father ( or my upajjhayo ). 

 If the priest applied to in any way indicates his assent, the 

 connection is formed. The co-resident is carefully to per- 

 form his duty to his superior, which comprises all the duties 



