141 



1,728,000 Negro slaves (prelos captivos), 

 843,000 whites {brancos). 



426,000 freemen, of mixed blood (mestissos, mulatos, mama" 

 lucos liber tos). 



259,400 Indians of different tribes (Indiosde todasas castas). 

 202,000 slaves of mixed blood (mulatos captivos). 

 159,000 free blacks ( pretos foros de todas as nacoes africanas). 



3,617,900. 



The whole of these returns not having been made at the 

 same period, this state of the population may be considered 

 as relative to the years 1816 and 1818. The population of 

 Brazil, however, must have augmented considerably during 

 the last four or five years. According to documents presented 

 to the house of commons at London in 1821, we see, that 

 the port of Bahia received from January the 1st 1817, to 

 January the 7th 1818, 6070 slaves, and that of Rio Janeiro, 

 18,032. In the course of the year 1818, the latter port 

 received 19,802 Negroes. (Report made by a committee to 

 the directors of the African Institution, on the 8th of May, 

 1821, p. 37.) I have no doubt, that the population of 

 Brazil is at present more than four millions. It was con- 

 sequently estimated very high in 1798 (Essai polit. sur le 

 Mexique, vol. ii, p. 855.) Mr. Correa de Serra believes, 

 from the ancient returns which he was enabled to examine 

 with care, that the population of Brazil in 1776, was 

 1,900,000 souls ; and the authority of this statesman is of 

 great weight. A table of the population, brought home by 

 Mr. de Saint-Hilaire, correspondent of the Institute, es- 

 timates the population of Brazil, in 1820, at 4,396,132 ; 

 but in this table, as the learned traveller well observes, the 

 number of wild and catechised Indians (800,000) and of 

 free men (2,488,743) is singularly exaggerated ; while the 

 number of slaves (1,107,389) is much too small. (See 

 V eloso de Oliveira, Statistique da Brazil, in the Annaes Flu- 

 minenses de sciencias, 1822, torn, i, §. 4.) 



