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territory extends even beyond the Juy, towards the plains 

 where the most northern mission of San Angel is placed ; 

 farther on, are forests inhabited by independent Indians. 

 When, in consequence of the alliance between Spain and 

 France, England, in February 1801, made the Portuguese 

 declare war against Spain, the Spanish province of the Mis- 

 sions was easily invaded. The hostilities did not last long - f 

 and although the court of Madrid disputed the legality 

 of the occupation, the Missions remained in the hands of 

 the Portuguese. The treaty of 1777 ought to constitute 

 the basis of the limits between the viceroyalty of Buenos 

 Ayres, and the captain -generalship of Rio Grande. 

 Those limits were formed by a line extending first to the 

 Rio Guaray (the Guaney of Arrowsmith), and the sources of 

 the small rivers Ibirapuita, Nanday and Ibycuimerim, that 

 empty themselves into the Ibicuy, (lat. 29° 40 7 ) at the con- 

 fluence of the Rio de Ponche Verde with the Ibicuy, then con- 

 tinuing towards the south-east, to the source of the Rio 

 Negro, (a tributary stream of the Uruguay), it crosses the 

 lake Merin, towards the mouth of the Itahy, vulgarly called 

 Tahym. The most southern Portuguese marco is found at 

 the mouth of this river, on the sea coast. The country be- 

 tween the Tahym and the Rio Chuy, a little north of Santa 

 Teresa, was neuter, and bore the name of Campos neutraes ; 

 but, notwithstanding the diplomatic conventions, it was in 

 1804 already occupied for the most part by Portuguese cul- 

 tivators. The invasion of Spain by the French, and the re- 

 volutions of Buenos Ayres, have given the Brazilians facility 

 to push their conquests as far as the mouth of the Uruguay, 

 so that the new interior limits, between antient Brazil and 

 the countries recently occupied, were fixed in 1821, without 

 the intervention of the congress of Buenos Ayres, by the 

 deputies of the cabildo of Montevideo, and of the captain- 

 generalship of Rio Grande. It was agreed that the Cisplatine 

 Province of Brazil (the Oriental Band, according to the geo- 



