316 



clay, but stone. 3dly, Marietta. Two great squares, with 

 twelve doors; the walls of earth are 21 feet high, and 42 

 feet at their base. 4thly, Circleville ; a square with eight 

 doors, and eight small works for their defence, connected 

 with a circular foot, surrounded with two walls and a moat. 

 5thly. Paint-Creek, at the confluence of the Scioto and the 

 Ohio j the fortifications are partly irregular one of them 

 contains 62 acres. 6thly. Portsmouth, opposite Alexandria. 

 Vast ruins, disposed on parallel lines, denote that this spot 

 heretofore contained a numerous population. 7thly. Little 

 Miami and Cincinnati, a wall of 7 feet high, and 6300 toises 

 long j it goes from the Great to the Little Scioto. (Journ. 

 of General Clinton ; Western Gazetteer, p. 108 ; Warden, De- 

 scription of the United States, Vol. iv. p. 137 ; Weekly Re- 

 corder of the Ohio, Vol. ii. No. 42, p. 324 ; Med. Repos. 

 Vol. xv. p. 147; New Series of the Med. Repos. Vol. iii. 

 p. 187 ; Harris's Tour, p. 149 ; Drake's Picture of Cincinnati, 

 p. 204 5 Mease's Geolog. account of the United States, p. 478 ; 

 Caleb Atwater, in the Archceoiogia Americana, or Transac- 

 tions of the American Antiquarian Society of Worcester, Mas- 

 sachusetts, 1820, p. 122, 141, and 147.) All these square 

 forts are placed as exactly to the east as the Egyptian and 

 Mexican pyramids ; when the forts have only one opening, 

 it is directed towards the rising sun. The walls of these 

 lines of fortification are most frequently of earth ; but two 

 miles from Chillicothe, in the state of Ohio, w T e find a wall 

 constructed in stone, from 12 to 15 feet high, and from 

 5 to 8 feet thick, forming an inclosure of 80 acres. It is 

 not yet precisely known how far those works extend to the 

 west, along the course of the Missouri and the river la Plata j 

 but they are not found on the north of the lakes Ontario, 

 Erie and Michigan, neither do they pass the chain of the 

 Alleghanies. Some circumvallations discovered on the east 

 of that chain on the banks of the Chenango, near Oxford, in 

 the state of New York, may be considered as a very remark- 



