320 



Vol. i. p. 275, Vol. iii. 342 ; Pike, p. 274 ; Lewis and Clarke, 

 p. 146) j 2dly. To the relations of construction or of geo- 

 graphical position observed between the monuments of the 

 United States, the banks of the Ohio, and the Missoury, and 

 the Mexican mouments of Gila and Nabajoa. The country be- 

 tween the 33 0 and 41° of latitude, parallel to the mouth of 

 the Arkanzas and the Missoury, is considered by the Azteque 

 historians, as the ancient dwelling of the civilized nations of 

 Anahuac. These historians place the first station of the 

 Mexicans, in the course of their migration from north to 

 south, on the banks of the lakes (fabulous ?) of Teguayo, 

 and Timpanogos ; the second station is marked by the ruins 

 of the Casas-Grandes of Rio Gila, which the fathers Garees 

 and Font have described in detail (Political Essay, II. Vol. i. 

 p. 254, and in my Mexican Atlas, maps 1 and 2). These 

 edifices, which occupy a square league, are placed exactly at 

 the four cardinal points, and, like the ancient Kara-Korum, 

 the capital of the Monguls, are surrounded with lines of for- 

 tification. The vestiges of great towers are recognized, 

 which are connected by walls built of clay. (This system of 

 defence recalls to mind the military monuments of the 

 United-States $ there is, however, a distance of more than 

 600 leagues from the Casas-Grandes on the Rio Gila to the 

 ancient fortifications of Black-River, a tributary stream of 

 the lake Ontario j 3dly. To the traditions and moral state of 

 the nations which inhabit the country between the right 

 bank of the Mississipi, and the coast of the Pacific Ocean. 

 From Upper Louisiana towards the Rio Columbia, we ob- 

 serve civilization augmenting progressively on the west of 

 the Rocky-Mountains, which are joined by la Sierra Verde 

 and Ja Sierra de las Gratlas, to the Mexican Andes of Ana- 

 huac. (Brackenbridge, Views of Louisiana, p. 173, M'Cul- 

 XocKs Researches on America, p. 203.) The fathers of the 

 seraphic college of Queretaro, found in the year 1773, in 

 the Moqui, traversed by the Rio Yuquesila, a well-peopled 



