601 



where the formations of granite and gneiss, are 

 extremely distinct ; there are others, on the 

 contrary, where the geognostie limits between 

 those formations are little marked, and where 

 granite, gneiss, and micaslate appear to alter- 



the upper beds are of variegated marl, often muriatiferous 

 (red marl, salzthon) y with hydrated gypsum and fetid lime- 

 stone. The gemsalt oscillates from zechstein to muschel- 

 kalk. d) limestone of Gottingen or muschelkalk, alternat- 

 ing towards the top with white sandstone or quadersand- 

 stein ; (Ammonites nodosus, encrines, Mytilus socialis) : 

 clayey marl is found at the two extremities of muschelkalk. 

 e.) while sandstone, quadersandstein, alternative with lias, 

 or limestone a gryphees ; a quantity of dicotyledons mixed 

 with monocotyledon plants, f.) jura limestone, complex for- 

 mation ; a quantity of arenacious intercalated marl. We 

 most frequently observe from below to abov«; lias (marnous 

 limestone with gryphites), oolithes, limestone with polypiers, 

 slaty limestone with fish, and crustaices, and hydrated glo- 

 bular iron. Amonites planulatus, Ghryphaea arcuata. g.) se- 

 condary sandstone with lignites, iron sand ; weald clay; 

 green sand, or green sandstone h.) chlorite, tufted, and 

 white chalk ; ( plan erkalk, limestone of Verona). IV. Ter- 

 tiary soil, beginning by a great destruction of decotyledon 

 plants, a.) clay and tertiary sandstone with lignites ; plastic 

 clay ; mollass, and nagelfluhe, sometimes alternating, where 

 chalk is wanting, with the last beds of Jura limestone ; 

 succin. b.) limestone of Paris or coarse limestone, limestone 

 with circles, limestone of Bolca, limestone of London, are- 

 nacious limestone of Bognor ; lignites, c.) silicious lime- 

 stone, and gypsum with bones alternating with marl, d.) 

 sandstone of Fontainebleau. e.) lacustre soil with porous 

 meulieres. e.) alluvial deposits. 



