196 



GARDENERS' 



MAGAZINE. 



March 



>6, il* 



FRAGRANT ROSES 



This title of this article is reminiscent of the odorous atmosphere of 

 summer, which, now that our much-loved roses are beg.nn.ng to unfold 

 Sriuminous/andinil^y instances r.chly fragrant leaves, does no 



t o„ rn the meantime the daffodil is filling our woods 

 seem so far away. In th ^^ 1 lden hues , and the auricula, fairest 

 and gardens with .ts far shining g > due course 



^hW^i^^^ here " Many ' indeed ' arC thC fl ° ral 

 |£&^£ft 2bS5 us and the first efflorescence of the m» 



ins contributions on rose cultivation , 

 D'ombrain takes a very similar view. 



I understand that its illustrious raiser, the late M Gniiw ^ ' 

 to what section this gracious rose belonged. I som , d ' d not ^ 

 some extent, of hybrid China extraction ; but thisT?mS^ , ?r it ?? 

 portance so long as it possesses those splendid charactS, ^J"* V 

 made it what it is one of the grandest existing ^S^uS^Cl 

 one of the most effective for garden decoration. exhibition, ^ 



• 'if* T\ . 



Apples as Espal 



wise 



Such roses, for example, as 



as espaliers, and one which especially commends itself to th?° W 

 small gardens. Espaliers when compared with bush and n vr/J^'" * 

 tzlce tin but a small amount of space, and this is a . A.Jrr* mA 



many. As a rule, room can be found for but few trees grown m ^ 

 pyramidal form in gardens of modest pretensions, as they - - * 

 much on the area at disposal for vegetables. This dil„. „.„ m 



if esnaliers are employed, as thpv 



encroach 



too 



space, 



but enable owners to grow a greater number of varieties in a piv!L 



TUm Uci nlan i« to nlant the trees bv th<» sirl« «r«.v. « S'^nspact 



arones^ R th^hild/Senser, and Her Majesty, however commanding 

 in their oifflSSnflOS, lose a great deal in the estimation of thousands by 

 heir want of this attribute, which IS so powerful in its influence as to 

 cover a whole multitude of weaknesses wherever it appears. To my mind 

 it is almost more valuable than colour in a flower The Oriental poppy is 



lustrous in aspect and impressive in sue ; but who would. pr efer .t to he a kj n d of f en ce, which leaves the remainder of Ae^u^kK*? 

 sweet-scented violet, hiding itself, like humility, amid its all-enfolding ^ ; If planted eighteen inches or two feet from the ^ ^ 



leaves? Who, on the other hand, save an araent exniDiior, wouia preicr .„/,,, 



fVi^ narrn w border SO form Pfl in frnnf rnn 1 . . " Q (!^ Cl 



a scentless flower of Her Majesty, however majestic, to an intensely 

 fragrant bloom of La France ? I entirely coincide with the strongly- 



grow, 

 or an?- 



expressed opinion of the venerable founder of the National Rose Society 

 (which was not originated for the perpetual conservation of flowers with- 

 out sweetness), that roses which have not the essential attribute of 

 fragrance should be remorselessly relegated to oblivion. It is, neverthe- 

 less, much to be regretted that some of our finest dark en 

 which we cannot entirely dispense with, such, for example, as the famous 

 Duke of Edinburgh and its numerous variations, have so little attractive- 



Of these it may expressively be affirmed 



en 



mson varieties 



ness in this special direction 

 that their colour is their salvation. 



But, on the other hand, we could 



survive the absolute extinction of such scentless pale-pink varieties as 

 those which I have indicated, so long as we possessed, and were proud of 

 possessing, more decided pink roses of a widely different description, 

 such as Mrs. Sharman Crawford, one of the finest creations of the 

 Dicksons at Newtownards ; Mrs. John Laing, and Madame Gabriel 

 Luizet of which the last-mentioned will not soon be superseded. 



Nearly all of the hybrid perpetuals have fragrance ; many of them, 



" • * * - Among the sweetest of these are 



Crown Prince, and Captain 



however, only to a limited extent. 

 Marie Kauman, Beauty of Waltham, 



I Jayward, raised by the late Mr. Henry Bennet, which is, perhaps, from 

 this special point of view, the most attractive of them all. There are 

 many other roses belonging to this class which might also be enumerated 

 and highly eulogised, but this is not essential. Mr. Cranston's Crimson 

 Bedder has in a former article on a kindred subject been much com- 

 mended as a beautifully coloured and richly fragrant rose. Most of the 

 Chinas and polyanthas, moss and Provence varieties possess a delicate 

 aroma ; among them may be mentioned Madame Laurette Messimy, 

 of comparatively recent introduction ; Queen Mab and Duke of York, 

 raised by Mr. William Paul ; Cramoisie Superieure ; Hermosa, an 

 improvement in fulness and form on the "Old Monthly" rose ; Anna 

 Marie de Montravel, sweetest in my estimation of the dwarf polyanthas, 

 which has an odour peculiarly its own ; the pink and white Provence ; 

 Blanche Moreau, finest of all the moss roses, and the eminently beautiful 

 Crested Moss. Very fragrant alike in flower and foliage are the 

 Austrian, Persian, and Penzance briars, and the latter are fascinating long 

 after they have ceased to bloom. 



Nearly all the noisettes and teas have a fragrance which is at once 

 delicate and refined. Among the former are L' Ideal, the venerable 

 Lamarque, and the finest of this section, the superb Marechal 

 Niel, whit h, it is to be regretted, is not adapted by nature for effective 



otner purposes ±* p«—*>~ —5-^" iiu-uca ur two ieet trom the a 

 the walk, the narrow border so formed m from can then be utilised for 

 ing strawberries, or low-growing flowering plants, lettuces, parsley or 

 thing which will not interfere with or injure the roots of the trees Ev 

 gardens of large areas, where plenty of space is available, a few rows* 

 espaliers are always useful, while they certainly are ornamental if olam^ 

 where they can be seen to advantage. r*+am 



Espaliers are often planted to screen off the vegetable quarters and m 

 this case the trees should stand back quite a yard from the edge of tC 

 path. The border formed in front of the trees, as a result of this arrange 

 ment, comes in useful for strawberry growing, and a host of other thiS 

 which it is not necessary to mention. This same form of tree cm a]* 

 be used to form a boundary line between flower borders and thevegetahfc 

 quarters, when herbaceous and other flowering plants have to beacco*. 

 modated in the kitchen garden for affording quantities of cut flow** 

 The taller and rank-growing plants should be eschewed, unless an alley 

 quite a yard wide can be left between the back row of plants and the 

 trees. Another good way of utilising espaliers is to plant them so as* 

 enclose blocks of span-roofed houses and pits, when the latter are baft 

 in a conspicuous part of the garden. The enclosure so formed makes a 

 nice finish, while the trees offer not the slightest obstruction to the fret 



Convenient openings must, of course, be left so tfcg 



_ a . a _ 



Again, in the am 



passage of light. _ _ 



the houses and pits may be readily approached, 

 of a range of lean-to houses, it is far better to plant espaliers to form the 

 boundary line to the vegetable quarters facing the range than to employ 

 bushes or pyramids, as the latter very often give too much shade. 



Regarding the cropping capabilities of the apple when grown in this 

 way, the results are very satisfactory, and the fruits produced are, generally 

 speaking, clear skinned and high coloured, the latter varying according* 

 soil and locality.. Some sorts are much better adapted for growing m 

 espaliers than others, and in the list which will be given subsequently ooljf 

 those will be mentioned which succeed as such. For small gardens a 

 selection can be made which will afford a supply from early Septemtar 

 up till March or April. For this purpose Beauty of Bath, Worcester 

 Pearmain, Ribston and Cox's Orange Pippins, Adams' Peannam, 

 Allen's Everlasting, Lord Grosvenor, Beauty of Kent, Warner's N*. 

 Golden Noble, Reinette du Canada, and Wellington are twelve goM 



If only half the number is required, select numbers one, thrtt 



If a more extended list is wished for, Km 

 Fearn's Pippin, Lewis's Incomparable, Golden Reine* 



sorts. 



seven, ten, and twelve. 



the Pippins, rr~» w 



Pearson's Plate, Blenheim Pippin, Ecklinville, Lord Uerby, tdj 



'fVU,-' k'o. r^l Qonrlrmrrtiom onH Annip Kli/aheth IliaV be added, WOW 



garden cultivation. Of Cloth of Gold I cannot speak either from observa- brings the number up to twenty-four. ^ ™ nc , nirte d d 



tion or exoerience. as I have never had the privilege of seeing it in bloom. Suitable trellises on which to train the trees can be consiruuw 



tion or experience, as I have never had the privilege of seeing it in bloom. 



The perfume of Gloire de Dijon is very pleasing ; so also, as a natural wooden posts and galvanised wire at a cheap rate 



consequence, is that of Belle Lyonnaise and the graceful Bouquet d'Or, of course, the ^most durable, but much m °^£*P e 



whose nature is so amiable that it succeeds admirably in my garden on a 1 * *" A 1 ~* * r,,ftrtcntP 



Iron standards irt 



m 



wall with a northern aspect, where it is, necessarily, greatly exposed. I 

 find it much hardier and much more reliable than Reve d'Or, which 

 requires a very sunny situation, and usually has to grow to its full 

 dimensions before it attempts anything in the floral direction. Aimee 

 Vibert has no fragrance whatever, but the foliage is beautiful, and when it 

 does bloom it produces a vast number of flowers. Of all tea roses, 

 perhaps, the most attractively fragrant are Souvenir d'un Ami and 

 Souvenir de S. A. Prince. Niphetos and Madame Bravy have an 

 exquisite perfume, the latter particularly ; while Catherine Mermet and 

 her daughters, Bridesmaid, The Bride, and Muriel Grahame, have a 

 fragrance of a very peculiar character, which has been compared, not 

 without reason, to that of a ripe peach. The most odorous of the 

 Bourbons are Acidale,Mrs. Paul, and Madame Isaac Pereire. Mrs. Paul 

 was raised at Cheshunt in 1891, and is a variety of immense vigour, 

 unique colour, a fragrance rivalling that of Viscountess Folkestone, and 

 imposing dimensions. It has the habit of its parent, Madame Isaac Pereire, 

 but in no other respect save that of strong growth and freedom of 

 flowering can any other resemblance between those closely affiliated roses 

 be found. The fragrance of Mrs. Paul is of an entirely different quality 

 from that of the majestic rose from which it was derir- J " ~ 



phenomenon— if such it may be termed— remarkably rare. 



The most fragrant of all roses are the hybrid teas, and of these the 



larch posts, with the lower portions creosoted, or charred, ana 

 plunged while hot into gas tar, will endure for a good many years . i 

 height of the trellis need not exceed five feet, or five feet six inc "»£ 

 the wires should stand fifteen inches apart. Radisseurs, or 5 "JTJ 

 bolts, should be fixed at one end of the trellis for the P U T*^ "j* 4 

 ing the wires, both at the time of fixing and for future use, snouw , 

 the wires become slackened. As to distances, the trees may « r— 7 



When in bloom espaliers are easily pro 



g frosts, w» 

 blinds ofFr* 

 I stakes an £ 

 the trees. T» 

 leaned iff* 



hurdles should be stood close up to the trees with tne top » i* 

 the highest wire. In either case they act as a very eiticicn 



protective agent. 



Stoke Edith Gardens. 



Yellow Ground Picotees. 



few years since that separate classes should be P'^^^JiV'sevcrtl J 



n e sc A . na j^ci^ 



iciiuw urounu ncotees.— n^^ 1 vll-lj „ made n 



Midland Carnation and Picotee Society to the suggestion ™ 



ume 



possessing the requirements of the florist. 



provided for them, with prizes more liberal than *m r\ ^ A ; n " these 

 white ground picotees and show carnations. It is stipu 

 "Any bloom that has not a continuous picotee edge 

 colour on the yellow ground, will be disqualified; toi 

 Gift, and such-like flowers will be admissible, but not s 

 Bail and Yellow Hammer." 



ponding^ 



has roo^J^Htk 



