wrr* 



GARDENERS' MAGAZINE. 



483 



baskets of 



xr „r«tle won a number of first prizes, especially for dis- 

 a0 d Sons, Newcastle d followed Messrs perkms and 



.^7 oses and sweet Pea^ ^ ^ ^ 



C Country, J" . ,L tip way for a dozen carnations, and to his other prizes 



Mr>B u ir ri ds ne y c urines, cherries, table plants, turnips and 

 JgVs for e.ght «^ d y d e e C ; er to 'the Earl of Carnarvon, Bretby Park 

 JS, beans. Mr- J; j^* | 0 £ s an d round potatos, and also took several second 



»^£?^^SS^m€Om£ competitors were Mr McKmght, 



n«n E«q P Oakamoor ; Mr. S. Mountford, Congleton ; Messrs. 

 5*]°Q T "n?° Cokhester'; Messrs. Townsend and Sons, Worcester ; Mr. J 

 CT»D(i Sons, C ^n e s _ , ^ Waterhouse, Preston; and Lord Bagot, 



JSd«;Mr. CWillons; 



displays were both numerous and good, and they added con- 

 Hveness of the exhibition. The Corporation of Hanley, to 

 ^ y u°- tft inTbtedness to the non-competing exhibitors, awarded quite a 



r^ber of gold ana ^ fnr mi ^ ellane0 us plants and flowers; Messrs. Charles- 



«d Co., Holborn, for miscellane 



ZgLmi fruits. Gold medals to 



^1 Co St Albans, for new plants ; Mr. J. H. White, Worcester, to hardy 

 SJijW the Icthemic Guano Company, Ipswich 



Silver medals to Mr. H. 



rMr^ Wem for sweet peas ; Messrs. J. Peed and Son, Norwood, for caladiums ; 

 S?F Walton, Birmingham, for cacti ; Mr. Edwards, Sherwood, for ferns in 

 Zxl . Mr Hartland, Cork, for tuberous begonias ; Messrs. M. J enkinson and 

 Si Newcastle for floral decorations ; Mr. R. Sydenham, Tamworth, violas ; 

 SSr' larmail and Co., Chard, cut flowers; Mr. Leighton, Newcastle, cut 

 iMsVacd Messrs. Webb and Sons, Stourbridge, for sweet peas. 



NOTTINGHAM* 



Tkb Nottingham Horticultural Society held a fine exhibition in the 

 Arboretum on the 13th inst. There were about two hundred exhibits, and the 

 ncnce of quality was high. The most tasteful group was that staged by Mr. J. 

 Wird, gardener to T. H. Oakes, Esq., Riddings House, who used palms, ferns, 

 mm! orchids, &c, to great advantage; Mr. A. Wagg, gardener to Mr. S. 

 Choakr, Ossington Hall, was a good second, Ilumea elegans being skilfully used 



* his group. Mr. R. J. Walters, gardener to Mrs. J. W. Leavers, The Park, 

 wed the best circular group, orchids being especially good ; Mr. J. Taylor, 

 ptfdener to R. Halford, Esq., J. P., second. Mr. Walters showed the best six 

 tfott and greenhouse plants, Mr. Ward the best crotons, and Mr. Forman the best 

 a wfr l owering plant ; these were the leading plant exhibitors. Mr. Wagg 

 icored in close competition in the class for a collection of fruit arranged on 

 1 table six feet by four feet ; he showed fine peaches, nectarines, figs, grapes, 

 Betas, and pineapples ; Mr. J. Read, gardener to the Earl of Carnarvon, second ; 

 sad Mr. A. J. Elphinstone, gardener to E. Parry, Esq., Woodthorpe Grange, 



. :. Mr. < lakes showed the best Black Hamburgh grapes, and Mr. Chambers 

 Ik best Muscat of Alexandria. For hardy fruit, Mr. J. Baker, Basford, was 

 fa, tnd Mr. E. Wadsworth, Newton, second. Royal Sovereign secured for the 

 Gt? Asylum Committee, Mapperley, first prize for strawberries. Mr. Chambers 

 iaa Mr. J. Read were first and second respectively for tomatos. The collections 



• wetablcs were excellent, the first prize in the class for twelve varieties being 



°T Mr . J. Read, the cauliflowers and tomatos being especially fine ; the City 

 ighm Committee, Mapperley, gained second place, several splendid sticks of 

 a::1 :t quantity of well-cultivated mushrooms constituting noticeable 

 ■WW ; Mr. J. Baker was third, and Mr. E. Wadsworth fourth. The collec- 

 tor vegetables, six varieties, attracted a good number of entries ; Mr. T. H. 

 WW, however, was by far the best, and won the first prize, the second beinz 



l, 2S ! > M \ W 1 \ Corah > and lhe third t0 Mr, C. Hill, Cyprus Road. 

 ■SL u W w ^ 7 Up 10 lhe avera S e > Mr. Read occupying the premier 

 ERi 'r C ^u h and Mr ' W - F " Mills meriting and gaining second and 

 J* Wped.ve y. The peas exhibited by Mr. G. Taylor, Robin Hood Chase, 



VriKl il , h Baker second, and the City Asylum Committee third. 

 W*» • M n ! ™**™<>Tth scored in the order given for white kidney 

 ,\ ••Mew. Laker and Corah for coloured kidneys; Messrs, Read, Baker, 



white round varieties ; and Messrs. Baker and Wadsworth for 



Corah for 

 *ed rounds. 



— 1 



from?,.? n S Sh ,- Uld ' in ™y °P inion . hav e more attention, as they do 

 * Phots are n?f x" h " °? eS > and the cro P ra ^Iy fails ; on the other hand, 



^^ad Elton p: a " d need S ood cultur «- Such kinds as Frogmore 



*•* be withou W V f e 7„ g ° 0d /° r this P ur P° se » but no garden of any size 

 ** splS Q t\ r ° f , AH - ; unfortun *tely ^ is not the latest, but it i 

 ^ S the fir ™ ke * * worth a P lace in a11 g«dens. Oxoni, 



••freely, but Ovrmi,„ ~u~ "~" " ut 3U1UiUlc lor au sul 's» as at times it tails tc 

 * ■ Suable for its lafe 1 ff j dy . thou ? h U is not a highly-flavoured fruit. 



is late, 



rp, . . o Oxonian and 



1 he last is not suitable for all soils, as at times it fails to 



R2 & 



I a quarter ev£5° Ppi,,g ' an , d this variet y we S row two y ears » so tha t b y 

 « Ptanu do not rZ ear Tif a ^ ayS baVC yOUI ? g plants to bear fine fruit - 



: « plant rwo n fe P ^ CUPy u the Soil for a loD g P eriod the y ma y ^ olaced much 

 ;a ' :s I H r i 5 nwff ; P p ft b fo Ween the rows ' and . eighteen inches between the 



5"»°f boeing and 1, W Sovere , , g n ma y be given two feet each way, as this 

 2? 1 Portion* of As u re % ards culcu re, I advise double digging, placing 



' 1 - ■ EwSSSSf"^ hrst s Pit, and in land at all infettedwith wir? 



»tin„ are:>sin g of hme ; we i 



NSWERSTCV 3 



CORRESPONDENTS 



Editorial communications should be addressed to the Editor of the Gardbnrrs 5 

 Magazine, 148 and 149, Aldersgate Street, E.C. 



The Editor will be glad to receive photographs of gardens, plants, flowers, trees, 

 fruits, &c, for reproduction in the Gardeners" Magazine. He will also be 

 greatly obliged by correspondents sending early intimation of interesting local 

 events relating to horticulture. In sending newspapers containing matter to 

 which they wish to draw attention, correspondents are requested to distinctly 

 mark the paragraph. 



Specimens of plants, flowers, and fruits for naming or opinion should be sent to 

 the Editor of the Gardeners* Magazine, fl 

 Surrey, and as early in the week as possible, 

 prepaid. 



Endsleigh," Priory Park, Kew, 

 All parcels must be sufficiently 



3 Abating this 



use gas lime, and it is one of the best aallon of water. 



Secretaries of horticultural societies are invited to send early notification of forth- 

 coming exhibitions and meetings, and are requested to advise us concernirg 

 change of dates 



Khubarb.— J. S., Sandwich: Rhubarb is quite admissable in an unlimited 

 collection of vegetables, but unless in very good condition it does not win many 

 points at this season of the year. The edible part of rhubarb is the leaf-stalk, and 

 the fact that this is utilised early in the year for tart making, and later on for 

 preserves or wine, does not , make it in any sense a fruit. 



Sphagnum Moss.— H. C, Hants : The moss sent is true sphagnum moss, 

 but it contains a larger percentage of the small headed wiry form than most orchid 

 growers prefer. It is, however, a very clean sample quite suitable for orchids or 

 for packing plants and fruit in. For fruit packing it should first be washed and 

 then dried — preferably in the sun. 



Scalded Grapes. — Grape: The grapes are badly scalded, and those berries 

 affected will have to be removed. Faulty ventilation is the chief cause of scalding, 

 but there are other causes, as you will see by reference to the 11 Answers 99 column 

 in our issue of July 2 last. Neither name nor address were sent with the commu- 

 nication. If sending again, please give such information, not necessarily for 

 publication. 



Exhibiting Hardy Flowers.— A. N., Wimbledon: It is not a usual 

 thing to allow bunches of hardy flowers to be associated with any other but their 

 own foliage at flower shows. In the case mentioned you were, however, within 

 the terms of the schedule, but as it was a special class among so large a number 

 of special classes, and, also, because of the absence of any class number upDn the 

 card attached to the exhibit, our representative had no ready means of discovering 

 the unusual conditions, hence the criticism. Thanks for letter. 



Cutting the Leaves of Tomatos. — W. C, North Berwick : We do not 



advise such extensive shortening of the foliage of tomatos as is carried out in some 

 establishments. Shortening a leaf here and there to allow more light to reach the 

 fruit is, of course, allowable, and serves a useful purpose. When tomatos are planted 

 a'reasonable distance apart and all lateral growth suppressed there should be little 

 need for the removal of leafage. With outdoor tomatos the case is somewhat 

 different, for in the autumn such plants often carry a large number of unripened 

 fruits. Under any circumstances such fruit cannot long remain unprotected, con- 

 sequently almost all the foliage may be cut off at the end of the season, so that the 

 remaining fruit may be ripened, as far as possible, ere cold nights compel the 

 grower to cut them, and place them in a pit or greenhouse to finish. Spraying 

 the flowers of tomatos would assist fertilisation, but such a practice is unnecessary 

 and not good for the plants. A rabbit's tail is a useful article for transferring the 

 pollen from anther to stigma in cases where a difficulty is experienced in obtaining 



a good set of fruit. 



Diseased Leaves on Mdme. Carnot Chrysanthemums.— J. S., 



Slough : The leaves are suffering from a weakness peculiar to the variety and from 

 which it seldom escapes entirely in any collection. Mr. W. H. Lees writes that the 

 cause is not easily defined, and though attributed variously during the past few 

 seasons subsequent experience has proved that we have not yet hit upon the exact 

 cause. For about eighteen inches up the stem we lose no leaves, then, like your 

 correspondent's samples, our leaves'go yellow here and there, in some cases whole 

 leaves have to be removed, in others only part of the leaf. The trouble com- 

 menced this year about June 20 and ceased about July 10, and we do not antici- 

 pate losing any more leaves, in fact, those partially affected have regained a 

 healthy tone. Half our plants are quite sound and we have given a little weak 

 liquid cow manure and soot to stimulate those affected. Late propagated plants 

 escape the disease best but I do not recommend this practice if large blooms are 

 desired. The whole family of sports have suffered more or less, but previous years 

 experience is, as above stated, that the trouble does not last long and has not 

 appeared to effect the ultimate results. Feed the nlants gently if they have plenty 

 of roots and once a week a very weak solution of sulphate of iron will help, but 

 extreme care must be taken that the dose is not more than half an ounce to one 



2? ! n n wcry beds Pe !n^ ^ taking runners when read y> placing them when 

 ^ do well ; of L mg , ° Ut earI y next spring in their permanent 



for Caterpillars. — G. P., Tewkesbury: The 



permanent 

 season 



. v/UOWC l; Of rnnren i ° J DJMUlg 111 IQCU pen 



J^itpla^ ne t J; c u r se, such plants cannot be expected to fruit The 

 121^ crop the fn u . • advisable to allow them to do so, but they wi 



"faop the folln J n c co auow them to do so » but they will give 



■ «?i the second winTer*' - ^ ^ We " ^ a SU ^ Ce 



« is not a «,-Tr-! IC< ™* Die rate now, andm small pots ready 



noticing t& ™ n™ \ then also there should be a trial of new 

 % me results for future guidance< __ Q W ythes, Syon 



S*^SL T P, B , E PROSECUTED Th • A- ■ r r 



^•■ fcJ "--^TL- h ? 1 P' e!:s ly watching \ J t — The indignant words fell from the lips of a 



JV 1 }'^ .how muA cn,f lr „ drunken cabman brutally lashing his horse. It is, 



2** , »> all 'i^te o?^' 1 ^ 8 ^ t s unpunished Tn tWa'W5rtdI 

 L*2 ^Cote' The explanation is simple. 



Why are there so 

 The blame lies with 



""Van,! w^chiM-i 1116 and W 5 men , ne 2 lect th ™ health they 

 * ^I^r^\' ndi Sn^--- - Fathers , and be warned in time. 



oway's Mk u'l . ^ and - the hke • restore your vigour and 



ruis, the best and safest of family medicines.-[A D vT.] 



Paraffin Emulsion _. _ 



American prescription for a paraffin emulsion to be used for the destrucUon of 

 catterpillars and other fruit tree pests is as follows : Use one -fourth of a pound of 

 hard soap, preferably whale-oil soap, and one quart of water This is heated till 

 the so 3 p is dissolved, when one pint of kerosme oil is added, and the whole 

 agitated till a perfect mixture of emulsion is formed. The agitation is easily 

 sfcured by use of a force pump pumping the liquid with force back into the vessel 

 holdinc it Water is then added so that there shall be kerosene m the proportion 

 of one to' fifteen ; or, kerosene, one pint ; common laundry soap, half-ounce ; 

 rain water half pint. The soap is boiled in the water till all is dissolved, then 

 the boiling" soap-suds are poured into a watering pot containing the kerosene, and 

 churned with k garden syringe until the emulsion is complete. This generally 

 takes about five minutes, someumes longer. When this emulsion is made, it can 

 be bottled up for future use. When using it, either as a wash for sponging trees 

 or for SDraving it must be diluted with nine times its quantity of water. Should 

 the oil in the emulsion after a time separate, it is well to warm it, and by violently 

 shaking the bottle it will again become fit for use. In diluting the emulsion use 

 warm water. Soft soap and paraffin oil makes a capital wash for hops, and is a 



