550 



GARDENERS" MAGAZINE. 



August 20, 



9 *- 



Editorial communications should be addressed to the Editor of the Gardeners' 

 Magazine, 148 and 149* Aldersgate Street, E.C. 



The Editor will be glad to receive photographs of gardens, plants, flowers, trees, 

 fruits &c, for reproduction in the Gardeners t Magazine. ^ He will also be 

 greatly obliged by correspondents sending early intimation of interesting local 

 events relating to horticulture. In sending newspapers containing matter to 

 which they wish to draw attention, correspondents are requested to distinctly 



Lark the paragraph 



E. W. B., Dulwich : The flower sent is a very good 



Seedling Dahlia.- 



•show variety, but whether it is distinct enough from the numerous existing varieties 

 to prove valuable commercially is a matter not easy to decide, and certainly not 

 to be decided upon one flower. The best means of ascertaining the distinctness 

 of the variety will be to send or take a bloom to some nursery where dahlias are 

 made a speciality, and institute a comparison between it and others of a similar 

 colour. The names of the majority of dahlia specialists appear frequently 

 in our advertising columns and in connection with Royal Horticultural Society 

 and Royal Aquarium Shows. With regard to naming a florists flower, that is 

 a matter entirely in your own hands ; you are at liberty to give it any name 

 you please, but it is desirable not to give a name like any that already exist, con- 

 sequently a comprehensive dahlia catalogue should be secured ; Dulwich Hero 

 or your own name might be given. Another way of quickly ascertaining the merit 

 of this or any other florist's flower is to send three well-developed blooms, named, 

 to a meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society, previously intimating your in- 

 tention of exhibiting for an Award of Merit to Mr. S. T. Wright, superintendent 

 R.H.S. Gardens, Chiswick, W. Unless you have some first-rate blooms to show 

 it will be best to defer staging flowers till next year, so as to afford yourself an 

 opportunity of specially cultivating the plants. If you gain an Award of Merit 

 for the variety there will not be much difficulty in disposing of the stock to some 

 nurserymen. * 



Layering Carnations.— E. K., Lincoln : There should be no delay in 

 layering carnations, for in the majority of gardens the work has already been per- 

 formed. If layers are not taken or made early, the young plants do not become 

 properly rooted in time for their severance from the parent and planting out in 

 their permanent quarters, so as to become established ere cold weather sets in. 

 Layering is a simple operation, and, after a little practice, can be done very 

 • quickly ; an expert can set a thousand layers a day. A sharp knife, some pegs or 

 layering pins, and some light, fairly good and finely-sifted soil are the requisites 

 for the work. Unless already moist, give the plants to be layered a good soaking 

 overnight ; loosen the rurface soil with a hand-fork before commencing to layer. 



Mode of Layering Carnations. 



vj"f the lower leaves from the base of the growth to be layered, and then insert the 

 blade of the knife (as at c on the accompanying cut), from below, half way through 

 them, and then cut lengthways and upward just into the next joint at (d). Keep 

 the tongue (e) open, and then press the pin or peg (/) so as to fairly fix the layer, 

 and bring the leafy growth (6) into an upright position. The next thing to do is 

 to place some of the prepared soil around the layer so as to completely cover the 

 cut portion of the stem. Press this firmly, and give water, if necessary. Instead 

 of pressing the layer right into the bed (^) as in the cut, it is best to place it on 

 the surface and then place the new soil about it in the form of a mound depressed 

 at the top so as not to throw off all the moisture given. 



Fruit Canning in California.— G. M. C, Plymouth: The most recent 



advices give the returns for 1897, and from these we gather that the exports of 

 fruit and vpot^ki^ . , ... -o^ Prices were very low 



fruit 



at tne opening of the season, and stocks had run down to a minimum. Owing 

 to the general revival of business and a putial failure of the fruit crop in the 

 eastern States, a heavy demand sprang up suddenly, and in July and August the 

 sales ot California canned fruit exceeded those made in any corresponding period, 

 t rices advanced rapidly, and were well maintained to the end of the year. There 

 were thirty-eight canneries in operation in California last year, and the following 

 s, a ° estm,ale of the output, given in cases: Tomatos, 348,000; asparagus, 

 VnA i^us 3°> c o°; beans and other vegetables, 8,500 ; pie fruit, 30,000 ; jams 

 and jell es, 8,000 ; table fruits, 1,920,00?; total, 2,426,000 cases. In the last 



thTrd nwinr, arS i 6 ?T- ° f L he P rodu «i on of canned fruit has declined about one- 

 Z* OW1 ^° h * fal1 m th f Price of most of the commodities used in its manu- 



to £ %£^s%££*& no f v, f fruit , these red r d t p T? c r are likely 



, lan. wiu no doubt b* welcome m Great Britain. 



Sied" we A re^£'iS? £ *S? firm of M «sr 3 . Tulham and Sons, Broxbourne, 



The business wiN° wVareTnfll ' ft inSt ' Mr " Pulham WaS 78 ° f a 2 e ' 



ww, we are inform*!, be continued under the old title. 



Vegetables 



Markets. 



Covent Garden. 



Fruit— English apples, 4s. to 8s. per bushel ; Dutch near* , c , 

 French, 3s. 6d. to 75. 6d. per case; plums, 2s. to as 6d ner <W 3S * ^ moU y; 

 half-sieve ; greengages, 9 d. to is. 3d. per box, as. 6dT to re 6d n*Th&' -° Ss> W P» 

 grapes, is. to as.; Jersey. 9 d. to is. 6d. pe? lb. ; Va2c£' g 

 barrel ; lemons, ios. to 205. per case ; gooseberries is 6d to 2 fA 



Sp ^^J^^:^ 9 J°^i^^l Fff nch ' IS - ^ 2S ' Perorate jblack 6 " half * sieve 



to 



IS 



7s. ; red, 4s. to 5s. per half-sieve ; bananas, 5s. to 10s. per bunch . T ^ T f urra f ts . 5*. 

 S s. each ; peaches, is. to 6s. per dozen ; French, 9 d. to £ 3 K * 

 . to 23. per dozen. 0 p UUi > BT^ea ftgs, 



Flowers.— Arums, 3s. to 4s. ; carnations, is. to 3s. ; euchark o« . 

 gardenias, is. to 3 s.; Lilium Harrisi, 25. to 4 s.; tea roses, 6d. to is • ninw £ ; 

 is. to 2s ; red roses 6d to is. ; cattkwV to 8s.; O&S^Si^^ 

 is. 6d. to 4s.; and tuberoses, is. to is. 6d. per dozen blooms- AdfcX 

 cuneatum, 4s. to 8s. J asters, 2s to 12s. ; marguerites, 2s. to 4 s. ; mignonette £ T 

 4s. ; Sweet Sultan, is. to 2s.; Pansies, is. to 2s. ; pelargoniums (sc£let) Ts to* 

 per dozen bunches; stephanotis, is. to 2s.; lily of the valley, 6d to is • Ihtl 

 gladiolus, 8d. to is. ; and pelargoniums, 4 d. to 6d. per dozen sprays ' ' 



VKGETABLES.--EngUsh tomatos. 3d. to S d. ; Jersey, 2 |d. to 4 d. rer lb. : Spanish 

 iod. to is. 3d. per box ; cauliflowers, is.6d. to 2s.6d. ; cucumbers, is. 6d to qs - endive, 

 is. to is. 6d. ; marrows, is. 6d. to 3s. per dozen ; lettuce, 8d. to iod pe'* sc-re • 

 French beans, 2s. 6d. to 33. 6d. per half-sieve ; broad beans, is. to is. 6d • peas V 

 to 3 s. per bushel ; English onions, 2s. to 3s. 6d. per dozen bunches ; Ports e S to 6s • 

 Valencia, 5s. to 6s. per case ; turnips, 3s. to 3s. 6d. ; carrots, 2s. 6d. to as.; "par let 

 2s. to 2s. 6d. ; mint, 2s. to 2s. 6d. per dozen bunches ; cabbages, 4 s. to A 6d per 

 tally ; mushrooms, 6s, to 8s. per 12 lbs. ; potatos, 60s. to 100s. per ton. " ' 



Borough Potato Market. 



There are moderate supplies of potatos, and though prices have a downward 

 tendency they have not quotably altered. English Snowdrop and Early Puritan. 

 3s. 6d. to 4 s. ; Beauty of Hebron, 3s. ; and Sutton's Early Regent, 3s. 6d. to Z 

 per cwt. 



THE WEATHER during the Week ending August 13. 1898. 



Stations. 



Temperature of the Air, 



Highest. Lowest. 

 Fahrenheit. 



Mean. 



Fahren- 

 heit. 



Centi- 

 grade. 



Rainfau.. 



In 

 Inches. 



In Cenii 

 metres. 



London ........... 



Croydon 



Brighton 



Bristol 



Wolverhampton 

 Norwich 



Nottingham... . 



Liverpool ... 



Huddersfield .. 



Bradford 



Hull 



8 7 '5 

 84-4 

 76*8 

 8o'o 



797 

 86'o 



83*1 

 79'9 



8l'2 



8t'2 

 Si'o 



48 o 



49'8 

 46*0 



43*2 

 47.0 



45'2 



46*0 



5o'3 

 44*o 



6i'9 



59*9 

 59*8 



59' o 

 56*2 



59'8 

 57*6 

 6o'6 

 586 



61-3 



587 



16 61 



I5'5° 



15*44 

 i5 # oo 



i3'44 

 1 5 "44 



I4'22 



I5-89 



1478 

 16*28 



14-83 



0*56 

 0*58 



o'57 



1-84 

 o*u 



i'i 9 



o'94 

 0*52 

 0*58 



1 -09 

 o'45 



T-42 



1 "47 

 ''45 



o'tl 

 2-39 



rji 



T47 



2 77 

 I'M 



The mean reading of the Barometer during the week at Greenwich was 29 83 inches, and thU 

 of the Thermometer 6i°'9, the latter being o 0, 6 below the week's average in the 50 yeail 

 1841—90. The direction of the wind was variable, the horizontal movement of the air beiaf 

 2 per cent, below the week's average in the 16 years 1860—75. The duration of regiiUred brt|hi 

 sunshine in the week was 35*6 hours. The measured rainfall amounted to o's6 of an inch. 



CATALOGUES RECEIVED, 



Herb and Wulle, Naples, Italy.— Bulbous Plants. 



Laxton Brothers, Bedford.— Strawberries. 



Cooper, Faber and Co., Ltd., 90, 92, Southward Street, 



Mr. J. Douglas, Great Bookham.— Carnations. 



Ant. Roozen and Son, Overveen, Holland.— Bulbs. 



Sutton and Sons, Reading.— Bulb Catalogue. 



Michael Rains and Co., 34, Mansell Street, Aldgate- 



S.E.— Bulbs, Whikiak. 



Bulb. 



ENGAGEMENTS FOR THE 



WEEK 



MEETINGS. • s .nVindt-Le 



Tuesday, August 23.— Royal Horticultural Society: Committees meet at 120 ex . 



at 3 p.m., on Perpetual Strawberries, by Mons. Henri de Vilmonn. 

 Royal Oxfordshire Horticultural Society. 



Brighton Horticultural Society ; Two days. . , 



Wednesday, August 24.— Bute Horticultural Society, at Rothesay , 1 wo days. 



Harpenden Horticultural Society. 

 Thursday, August 25.— Ellesmere Horticultural Society. 



Crudwell Horticultural Society. 



Swansea Flower Show. 

 Friday, August 26.— Royal Horticultural Society of Ireland. 

 Saturday, August 27.— Worsley Flower Show. 



Falkirk Summer Show. 



AUCTIONS. 



Monday, Thursday, and Friday, August 22, 25, and 26.— Dutch 



Bulbs, Oxdm 



Messrs. Protheroe and Morris's Rooms, Cheapside, E.C. K[ St Covert Oif 



Wednesday, August 24 .-Hyacinths. Tulips, &c, Mr. J. C. Stevens, kid* 



CONTENTS. 



1 * 



••• 



• « • 



• •• 



• * • 



* • ■ 



■ • ■ 



• * 0 



• • 1 



• • « 



• * • 



• • • 



PAGE 



550 

 546 



541 

 542 



550 



54^ 

 541 



550 



Answers to Correspondents ... 

 Apple Growing in New Zealand 

 British-raised Roses 

 Campanula mirabilis 

 Catalogues received 



Cymbidium Lowianum at Clare Law J 

 Early Tomatos 



Engagements for the Ensuing Week" 

 Exhibitions and Meetings :— ° 

 Shrewsbury Floral Fete ... 

 Taunton Horticultural Society "." 

 Sevenoaks Horticultural Society 



Bishops Stortford 



The Working Men's Flower ShoW ^ 

 1 he Scottish Horticultural Association 5 *9 

 Horttculture m New South Wales 

 Leaves from a Ramb'er's Book 

 Markets 



• • • 



■ • « 



533 



548 

 S4 8 



549 

 549 



■ • • 



* 1 1 



• • • 



• • * 



546 



539 

 550 



New Plants, flowers, FnMd 

 Notes from Chillingham (** 



Notes of the Wee t 

 A Curious Hart s-1 onguc 



Fruit Hybridizing... . 

 The Royal BotamcSocieiy 



Watering FruU Trees ... 

 Some Interesting New Frmu 

 The Clove Trade of Zanziror 

 The Fortingall Vew " 

 The Season's Fruit Crops 



Weatber ... • 

 Work for the WeeJc 



ILLUSTRA 



Campanula mirabiJU - 

 Cymbidium Lowunum 

 East Sheen ... 



at 



fact 

 . we 



THE END OF THE CENTURY draws near, ^J^°ZiWy. ** 

 makes one think. On the threshold, as it were, of the ^ twentieth ^ dunng 

 glance back over the years that are gone. How muc h has ^ u5e 0 f ^ 

 century! What wonders have been given to the world I P 3 etce nth ^"^f.fcieret* 



telegraph-these and many others afe the discoveries of g^^fo* ^J^ff 

 will cause the closing century to standout above all that M ^g^ t0 manW^ 

 is the fact that m its earlier half was discovered a priceless Diess^* 

 rem-uies— Holloway's Pills and Ointment.— [Advt. J 



