568 



GARDENERS' MA GAZINE 



framers 



expressed in the schedule, and in this case, if the committee had intended 

 the class for hardy plants they should have said so ; and in all schedules 



Many difficulties arise from 



exactly what is required should be stated, 

 the want of exactitude in the use of the ten 

 and these mav be overcome bv the use of t 



butyl, and ethyl compounds resembling fruit flavours hut „f ™ 

 have heliotropine (heliotrope), ionine and h^M^^^^^^t 

 hay), terpineol (lilac), bergamiol or linaloyl acetate ^SHlrT*^ 

 jasmin oil, anisic aldehyde (hawthorn) eer anol (mlTlf ' ° 

 oil) , ^ol (oH of sassafras), .c. S o LT^s ^^^^7 

 are these products used for todet soaps, but they also enter" ifrgdy i£o the £ 

 position of the essences named after the flower* Th-r, om " 

 the natural odours, ^ itjs said that the very popufc 



W w — — - * - ^-^ A»* L K v_/ X ^ ^ 



sense. An interesting case occurred at Aberdeen the other day in which 



the exhibitor was disqualified, although we have no doubt he exhibited in . . 4 . . . , ^ = utc ut -- rarma vioU.« 



strict accordance with the intentions of the framers of the schedule. £ a 'f' q T T? °' th ? flowers ' and is Wed from ionine mellowL 



The class was for " nine distinct varieties, but not more than two dishes t°7h \ ^ CXtraCtS ; and this the ^ «a«y Prefo 



of any species or kind of fruit," and as one exhibitor staged more than Two *° th °f i TT' 1 1 T'T^ t0 handk deUcate P« fume3 . 

 dishes of peaches and nectarines his collection was disqualified as I n V. * etween tbe artificial and the real, and it su 



, j . .... a * ui&quannea, as taxes the skill of the chemist and the art of the nprfnm-r ^ ^ ■ T 



peaches and nectarmes are simply varieties of the same species, namely, delicacy of fragrance manufactured and elaborated ^Tre's ownth f "** 

 Amygdalus persica. Had the term kind " been used in its proper sense, mture s own 'Moratory, 



no disqualification would, so far as we understand the case, have fol- The Duke of Argyll's Friendship Trees, planted in the s ™ i 



lowed, representing as it does a race of fruits rather than anyone species, nrn " nAB nt r "— «"•—•*« - ■ - - pacious 



and 

 form 



species 



The Arctic Flora.— What we call the Arctic fauna 



asse 



once extended from the Arctic circle almost to the Mediterranean. If climate and 

 soil alone entered into the question, it is likely that the so-called Arctic flora might 

 still maintain itself in many parts of Central Europe. This Arctic (or ancient 



European) flora includes many plants which are capable of withstanding extr*™* ™ w a a i * j .t_ , * " v 



physical conditions. Some thrive both on peat and on sand Tn bogs and on loose ^edoesd^y las , and the even has created much interest in horticultural a.. 

 , ™. , . . ™ on sana, in bogs, and on loose medical circles, in both of which the venerable president of the National 



grounds of Inverary Castle, are mementoes of distinguished visitors, consequently 

 the garden is as interesting as the castle. There is a fine Cedar of ijLJ 

 commemorating a visit of Her Majesty ; Sir John Lawrence planted a Spanish 

 chestnut in i860; Dr. Guthrie one in 1863; Dr. Livingstone, in 1864 -and 

 Mr. Gladstone's Spanish chestnut was planted in 1865. The late Emperor 

 Frederick of Germany planted a Wellingtonia (Sequoia gigantea) in 1863 and 

 his consort a cypress. Earl Russell chose an oak tree to commemorate his 'visit. 

 Lord Tennyson planted a Spanish chestnut and a cedar in 1857, and James 

 Russell Lowell, on the occasion of his visit in 1880, planted a silver fir. 



Wedding of Sir Edwin and Lady 



gravel 



range trom sea 



can 



esteemed. 



Lady 



Oak-gall Flies. 



known upon this planet. Some can subsist on soil which contains no ordinary in- 

 gredient of plant food in appreciable quantity. Such plants survive in particular 

 places, even in Britain, less because of peculiarly appropriate surroundings, or of 



anything which the microscope reveals, than because they can live where other Lubbock referred to the cynips causing the galls as a proof of the correctness of 



Dlant C T In/. . i . 1 3 . 1 . ... . - . LI .1 • • . - - 



surprises 

 John 



Ling, crowberry, and the rest are like the Eskimo, who dwell in 

 the far north, not because they choose cold and hunger and gloom, but because 



escape 



The 



of the old flora are now being broken down ; it is slowly giving way to the social 



grasses 

 past 



his views upon this point. He said : " I will take one other case— the fly of the 

 King Charles oak apple so familiar to every schoolboy. In this case the females 

 are very common ; the eggs were known. But no one had ever seen a male. 

 Hartig in 1843 kn ew twenty-eight species of cynips, but in twenty-eight years 1 

 collecting had never seen a male of any of them. Adler, however, made the 



F P vl ge " roW ' The sca,e has ^n turned, and this, Professor Miall, remarkable discovery that the galls produced by these females are quite unlike the 

 *.K.S., believes, has been accomplished not so much by climatic or geographical ^Hs from which they were themselves reared, that these galls produced flies 

 changes, as by the acts of man. Every lover of the moors would be glad to know which had been referred to a distinct genus, and of which both males and females 



jaesi 



that they bid fair to be handed down to our children and our children's children were known - Thus the gall flies from the King Charles oak apple (which are all 



Without diminution Or imnntrprieKm an (- T«U .1 . famal*e\ ^roon A~ J J ii_ ___ .1 r .1 1 r 1 • , 



without diminution or impoverishment. The reclaiming of the moors is now 



arrested 



7 "-"f puuULb ^dlia LllC IUUL Ul tllC UclK 1XU1I1 WI11UI1 'JUilt A 



dissimilar insect is produced, of which both sexes occur, and the female of which 



pui me impoverishment of the moors goes on apace. A botanical exchange club a g ain P™duces the King Charles oak apple." 



nas lately e*tprminor<^ it ^ ttti . . ^ . b r 



Whene 



eager 



No 



1 , , , — ^ uduic ui science, no 



Knowledge worth having is brought to us by such naturalists as these ; their collect- 

 ng means mere destruction, or at most the compilation of some dismal list. If 

 uie selhsh love of possessing takes hold of any man, let him gratify it by collecting 



postage stamps, and not make hay of our plants and mummies of our animals The & dy St °° k haS ^ abandoned, 

 naturalist shm.H ^ »* : " 4 5 ' ine necessarv. U« li. ;» „.„.i.: r~- 



Rose Hybridisation continues, we are pleased to learn, to occupy the 

 attention of Mr. Jackson Dawson, of the Arnold Arboretum, who gave us the 



DaWSOn rose. In referrincr tn Mr. T)flw?nn'c wnrV a« a raic^r nf rn«pQ. jit 



American 



fdog 



Mr. Dawson now considers a new type 



x^uiths 



MCropo 



:skkH« 



, .. , ' ' — . w uurpiancs ana mummies or our animals. The . * — r— — " , r - JWHn 



naiuraust should aspire to study live Nature, and should make it his boast that he necessar y- Thls he " working for, and showing what cross breeding and selection -jy. 

 leaves as much behind him as he found. do ' . we need onl y look at Mr. Manda's hybrids and Mr. Dawson's with R. 



leaves as much behind him as he found. 



Haasti.-Mr. J. Moore, the able head gardener at Ockenden, 



Wichuraiana. In choosing R. Wichuraiana and General Jacqueminot, two very 



., , ^ -u.lv. ga , UC uci ai ^cKenaen, distinc t roses are brought together. Only an innate love for experiment could 



Luckfield, sends us a fine spray of this beautiful New Zealand shrub, which he Su SS est such a proceeding. Some curious breaks, and some valuable ones, have 

 intorms us was taken from a bush now about eight feet high and with a diameter f ome from these cr °sses. The indications are plain that, by following them up, 

 equal to the height. The specimen in question occupies a prominent position at infusin g h y br i d blood, and reverting occasionally for vigour, we shall have hybrids 

 the end of a long herbaceous border, and for a period of nearly a month it was so hardy enou g h to remain uninjured by any ordinary frost. There is a host to work 



densely „u Wcrca ^ fiardly a ^ ^ m Mqqk ^ ^ 



■gree with him that so beautiful a shrub should be more generally planted in 

 gardens m which New Zealand plants are found to thrive than is at present the 



esse, 



foeK 0,0 Tf r ? ISlalU1, * ichm <>nd, is for sale, and the inhabitants of the 



tashionable bornnoh j- . r r ^ . .1 . 



with. Probably Crimson Rambler, in which we 



constitution, will help us to a new type of trellis roses. Some of Mr. Dawson's 



and ^kia 



enthusiasti* %l ^k . 



cally commented upon. The Dawson Wichuraiana-Jacqueminot, a climbing 

 cluster rose with semi- double pink flowers, is a better trellis rose than the Crimson 

 Rambler, though not equal to it in colour. Wichuraiana-rugosa is a delicate Hjj^ 



m m,d-stream a little beyond the Petersham Meadows, should be purchased by ""f* "5 W I th traiIin g habit ~ a S P lendid COVCr plant ' R«g osa -> cc l u 7'^ 



some advertising agency or for a soap works or other business, whicE would spoU 5 ^ dee P CrimS ° n fl ° WerS ' TZ^t^a' . - 



the fine view now obtainable from Richmond Hill. The island is to be sold bv pr ° duced V™ g ood d ™*>le varieties almost equal to a hybnd in build of flowo , * 



™ — - - • •• * 0,a Dy one is a delicate peach, the other deep pink; both are of vigorous constitution. . ^ 



Numerous crosses were made this season, and some interesting information w» . 



gathered as to the manner of making them. If the flowers were left on the plants, i "Jfl 



... ^ i . 



anrtmn ™ *u . . 1MU1I11UUU 1Si ^na is to De sold by 



Z&g^'IZi**!**? R>M - AHer-n ChanceUc, is 



Mr. Glover has offered the town the option of purchase until the 



- reserve price of £4,000 " 



purchase the island : or. fail,™ * ZZ 



1 . - — o - t>--^v u«ui 1 ai v. Corporation 



ilfW 1 T "T* 17 am ° Unt ' We think ^.000 an extravagant pri< 

 f-acre lot, and regret that Mr. Glover, whose business as a boat bu 



«L1 ,"7*2 t0 ** ^ ° f the neighbourhood, should b 



o^ing toret rement and which originally cost him about £100. It 

 t ha corporations and county councils have not the legal authority to 



^^^^t''" that i ^ 



Artificial 



T^ ta McunKU fk^f ^ s-uv.iw «« w iuc manner oi maKing mem. 11 me nowcis wuc iwi « r 



use for, 

 is a pity 



employed in collecting and applying the pollen. Boston Belle, an old rose o 

 constitution, was extensively used this season amongst these hybrids. Seedling* 

 of Wichuraiana crossed by China roses will be watched with interest ; they are 

 making pretty plants, all more or less creeping after the habit of the seed parent, 

 but showing much variety in foliage, some being dark like the pollen parent. 



good V 



The Queen's Tena 



Harvest Home on 



hundred- 



Saturday last, when Her Majesty entertained a party of about three nu " d "*j 

 Mr. Andrew Slater, the land steward, presided, and referred to the smooth 



m. 



iter est 



has 



and 



musk and vanillin, rhziZr^ u and animal substances - With artificial 



^macists have been long familiar, as also with the amy I, 



satisfactory way in which estate matters 

 expressing pleasure at the presence of Her Majesty among them again, 

 toast of •« The Queen " was honoured with enthusiasm, but that to the men 

 the late Prince Consort was, as usual, received in silence. The healths 

 Prince and Princess of Wales and the rest of the Royal Family followed 



past year* 



The 



A P* 



