OCTOBER I. l8 9 8 ' 



GARDENERS' 



MAGAZINE. 



6 



33 



visited this country for the purpose of becoming more intimately 



ngements 



i ■ # 



choicer kinds of fruit, which are to be sent to the 



_ — - b ■ v m ■ « 



Kicgdoi 



With 



ents that are being made for the shipment of the fruit, Professor 



m A I — - X - - — ■ 



If an outside market could be 



The 



C 



^^ e 5 ^tes f M The fruits to be sent are pears, peaches, tomatos, plums, and 

 ^*The fruit growers of Canada are finding that the Canadian home markets 

 m folly supplied no 



flatted that they can ___ w _ _ v 



Lied with the fruit in good condition, so as to obtain satisfactory prices, the 

 —fci could be sent there, leaving abetter demand in the home market, 

 ^market available for Canadian fruits seems to be that of Great Britain. The 

 Minister of Agriculture and myself in our investigations this year in the old 

 found a growing demand for fine fruits. Pears are becoming more generally 

 Bight for by the great body of what are called the middle-class consumers of 

 Gittt Britain. These supplies in the past have been a few home-grown pears, 

 luge quantities imported from France, and considerable quantities imported from 

 Qfifornia. None of these, except those grown under glass in Great Britain, 

 eoBpare in flesh or flavour with the finest Bartlett pears from Canada. Now that 

 «H ftofage has been provided, it has been demonstrated by the trial shipments 

 * war that pears can be landed in Great Britain in first-class condition. The 



The 'ilT? Slma ', Whi0h b ^ countr y can onl y be g rown with the aid of glass. 

 1» r 1 W I T exactitude in peaking of the two plants is strikingly exemplified 



hLI htn ,? PPened b lDdia - Accordin g to Dr. Watt numerous experiments 

 in ZJZ a t CXtend the cuItivation of the boehmerias in India, but in many 



ha / e fai,ed because of the attempt to grow the temperate- loving 

 Son au SpedeS re 1 uirin g a h ^ h temperature for its successful cultiva- 



varin, ( k • 1 ° f the two P Iants is of much value in the manufacture of 



h.nrf it m conse< 3 uence of the difficulty of cleaning the fibre except by 



nana the supply are limited and high in price. Numerous attempts have bee 

 maae to dispense with hand labour, and during the past five or six years consider- 



introduced 



otwithstanding 



° f mechanical ski » and inventive ability, the conclusion cannot be 



a u j i , . " -rw« & lu piauc upon me niarKei 



nnished product which will effectually compete with silk, flax, and the better 



qualities of cotton. 



ease. But when 



the problem of treatment is solved, the supply of the raw material will be limited 

 to warm countries. The cultivation of China grass in temperate regions will never 



the tropics." 



Fossil 



essfully with that of Ramie (or perhaps of China grass 



ifa packages which were recommended by the Department of Agriculture Dr "d*H W tn Z'Ll™ °* ?T "f?**"* notes contributed by 



. J\?L na .ntir.lv „™i rhi« * nrn ^,, „A ^ T bCOt to the sectlon of the British Association. In the first 



ut year are being entirely used this season, with every prospect of complete 

 ■cm. The demand for pears in Great Britain this year is unusually good, owing 

 5 the partial failure of the home crop, and not very large supplies from France." 



Protecting 



Laws 



ciafot the protection and preservation of edelweiss. The much-prized Alpine 



M 



1 T „. T aU WUn a hne s P ecimen of the Halonial branch of a Lepido- 

 dendron allied to L. fuliginosum. " This specimen (of which a photograph was 

 exhibited) was recently discovered by Mr. Lomax at the Hough Hill Colliery 

 Is is of large size, with the structure perfectly preserved, and bears two series of 

 Halonial tubercles. The main stem resembles that of Lepidodendron fuliginosum, 



though not absolutely identical. 



ascular 



■bo of tourists visiting the Austrian Alps and of the export of the plants with surrounded by leaf- trace bundles, and evidently represents a branch, which 



probably constituted the peduncle of a strobilus. In the second of his communi- 



K»3. 



were 



Alpine Strawberries in their improved forms are agreeable adjuncts ? u ' ' ^ott referred to an English Botryopteris, and specimens ™ 



» the breakfast table as well as useful for dessert during late summer and descril f d showm S that Ra cbiopteris tridentata is the petiole of Rachiopteris hirsuta, 



ut»a, and as Mr. J. Hudson, who has been eminently successful in their * S ' mp monost * h * k ^ m - It was further shown that the plant agrees closely 



-tore, so well observes, when once a taste has been acquired for them their 10 StrU ° tUre Wlth the peCuLar ' " ' ' ~ ' " 



ohrewill not be readily relinquished. Writing with reference to their cultural 



Whaents. Mr. Hudson says : The culture of the Alpine strawberry is of the , iU „ 7 .„. „ . , L , - r , 



Seedling plants are infinitely better than those obtained 6 Wllhamson collection of the fern Rachiopteris Grayi , which is no doubt 



— — — — ■ — w -^fc v ■ W ^ A W I A » M y ■ 



the name of Botryopteris, and that it should be placed in that genus. Dr. Scott 



pointed 



■pbtdescr o r WWB . tlluoc uuiamcu . . , 



ha miners. The old plan of propagation by ra^i^id n^hing"oTn«^lts ? Z yg°P teris » showed the anatomical structure more perfectly than any previously 



JJ*n:y, rather otherwise. Plants raised from runners lack in a remarkable mvestl gated. The stem has a very complex organization, though of the monostelic 



*fw the vigorous constitution of seedlings, whilst they are not so fertile nor so typC ' the leaVCS haVC * *' S P h y ,lo ta xis '> and the vascular strand of the axiliary 



in bea,ing. The seed may be sown in a cold frame in April, or in the ^ ™" ' ^ " ' * 



1* pound m Mav. similar tn VmrHv annuals « i _t__ j_ i . ■, . 



ten. 



i ne seedlings should be transplanted once or twice, being finally put out 



iJTK Tl ? e plantS> if Wdl attended to » will commence to bear fruit in 



wowing, being as earlv ft« trip K^cf ~c a- ^_t__ i . 



1 he season may be further extended 



«i the end 

 ■frr«xxef; 



covering 



a 



continuous supply until the middle of 



•Withe 



y .. ailJC3 uc piacea over them, whilst 



hmatic conditions the season can be further prolonged. 



fruit U alt i j t JUUUU oe rurcner prolonged. 



kimr li , r u , P ntS ^ be destr °ye d . or a portion of them, those Potatos in Great Britai 



■ • ««h« \uZZl 7Z T M *S haVC their first flower s P ikes c »t off, so 



^•fcbecu off PantS ' rUnDerS » Which are P fodu ^ freely, 



— "y de Lts "17 ' ^ Ut PrtferabIy a light one ' wiI1 suit the -« 



« «*S to othed £ Zt Z an ?- a J moderate a ^unt of shade, hence 

 The Mi " this ' 



have ^ JUJ 1 f °u CletyiS thC mostre «nt addition to the organisa. 



XSTt PrOm0tiOQ ° f fl ° riCUltUre > and ' consideri "g the 

 ^^^atBtalr^^r'^f thC fl0 ^ultural societies that 

 , - *ofidence. ^ The ^l? g - ^ ^ Iife may be ^ticipated for it 



J^^han,, whooccunv "r ^° feS5 ° r W ' Hillhouse and Mr ' 



«" ^ S? POSU ' 0nS ° f Cha " man and respectively. 



^•«M«ie 



fcWr , pnzes 



Edgbas 



r* 3 ' the most imDorian* k^- A P ru 13 and 14, contains 



* Me *rs. Barr and Son ' ,1* * C ° ,leCtion with » ^er cup 



<^na bon as the premier award 



shoot is given off from the foliar bundle a short distance above its base. 



An Ancient Oak Tree was recently unearthed near Broxbourne during the 

 excavations for a new gas holder at the Hoddesdon Gas Works. The specimen was 

 about twenty feet long and had evidently^been trimmed of its branches ; the outer 

 two inches of wood were quite soft, but, the heart wood, though perfectly black, 

 was quite sound. No doubt this ancient oak floated from the place where it was 

 cut down to the point where it was found, at a period when the River Lea had a 

 much wider bed than now ; some idea of the age of the tree is to be gathered from 

 the deep clay and other deposits overlaying the gravel bed in which the trunk wes 

 embedded some twenty feet below the surface. 



According to the returns published ty the 

 Board of Agriculture the potato crop in Great Britain occupied this year 524,491 

 acres. In England there were 3 6 5>43 2 acres lunder potatos, or 697 per cent, ; 

 in Scotland 126,362 acres, or 24 per. cent. ; and in Wales 6*3 per cent. ; these 

 representing increases of 13,067 acres, 6,422 acres, and 188 acres resp ctively. 

 The counties of Cornwall, Norfolk, Rutland, Sussex, Warwick, and Worcester 

 record small decreases in area, but in all other English counties potatos were this 

 year planted upon an extended acreage, the largest increases amounting to r,684 

 acres in Lincoln and 1,521 acres in Chester. 



51,881 acres in Lincoln, 3 8 >3° 8 acres in Lancaster, 24,773 acres in Chester, 

 23,680 acres in the West Riding of York, 19,849 acres in Cambridge, 13,276 

 acres in Kent, and 12,547 acres in Devon. In seven (English counties the area 

 of tubers falls below 2,000 acres. The trifling alteration in the acreage under 

 potatos of Wales is the outcome of an extension of area in se\en counties and a 

 diminution in five. The largest county area is 5,989 acres in Cardigan, the 



Two English counties, Lincoln and Lancaster, 



The largest areas of potatos are 



2* to be se„t i„ h' A «» memoirs on specified sub- 



J**- T» ^ subject 1 ' ,L° f *" f" .0 be 



"«|i*»dliSL M k *«= fundamental 



" - 6 tW ° fibr6S for — appears in the 



smallest is 885 acres in Radnor, 

 each possess a larger acreage of potatos than the whole of Wales. Excepting for 

 decreases of the most trivial dimensions t in ;Nairn, k Renfrew, Selkirk, and Shet- 

 land, all the counties of Scotland participate in the extension of potato acreage, 

 the largest additions beiDg 9^9 acres in Perth i 93$ acres in Fife, 583 acres in M.d 

 Lothian, and 536 acres in Forfar. The greatest county areas of potatos aie 

 14,264 acres in Fife, 12,38s acres in Perth, 11,965 acres in Forfar, 7,686 acres 

 in Haddington, and 7,523 acres in Ross and Cromarty. The smallest is 188 acres 

 ctuj. nr.A there are five other counties in which the area falls short of 1,000 



900 



acres. 



S. 5. Marshall, Limited 



egistered 



fall 



the 



Kent) 



of £i$,ozq in £1 shares for the purpose ot acquiring and carrying on the business of i 

 nurseryman, horticulturist and market gardener, carried on by Mr. S. S. Marshall 

 at Barnham, Sussex, and elsewhere. The number of directors is to be not less thai 

 three nor more than five, and the first directors are to be Messrs. S. S. Marshall 



-extremely opportune. Hitherto it has been W 



grass, . wmic . anrt . 



j* nfl _ n ii - — w uw £av^u rise to 



S ,a * s .it maybe 



statpH U to em P^°y them with more 



^^„_je, P. Goodacre, and C. Stride. 



Fasciated Vegetable Marrow growing 



Flood, 



has 



has 



at Tonbridge, appears to have created considerable interest, judging from a para* 

 graph in one of the local papers. The plant is evidently regarded as a great 



. . . remarkable in vegetable marrow nlanfc nrr»Hur-*in,r 



Ram 



ie or Rhea is the product fasciated 



