October 



i 



5, 1898 



GARDENERS' 



MAGAZINE. 



673 



Passe 



u he's Prince of Wales, Glout Morceau, and a few others, 

 "ZteJ Park Gardens. _ 



Sutherland.— The pear crop is very poor— almost a failure, caused, no 

 A bt by the inclement weather at the time of setting. Jargonelle carried a few 

 °Jdium-sized fruit. Beurre d'Amanlis, which is usually one of our best pears, 

 me . very sparsely. Galston Muir Fowl-egg under average and small. Others 

 were almost nil.-D. Melville, Dunrobin Castle. 



Tipperary.— Pears on walls are bearing a splendid crop ; Beurre d'Amanlis 

 «nd Colmar d'Ete are particularly good.— D. R. Phillips, Abbey Gardens. 



Warwickshire.— Pears are a very thin crop, indeed, and these are quite 

 second-rate in quality. The ravages of the Pear-tree slug (Tenlhredo adumbrate) 

 nlayed sad havoc with our trees, in spite of frequent dustings of lime on the 

 foliage, which is the only remedy I know of for this noxious pest; a tree of 

 Beurre' Diel and one of Duchesse d'Angouleme are carrying very good crops. 

 The remainder of our trees on walls, thirty in number, are practically fruitless. — 

 H. T. Martin, Stoneleigh Abbey Gardens. 



Wexford.— Pears are under the average.— J. McLennan, Castleborou^h 

 Gardens. 



Wigtownshire. — The following are growing against walls, with various them, are trees 



aspects, and are all bearing very satisfactory crops : Jargonelle, Williams' Bon 

 Chretien, Louise Bonne of Jersey, Marie Louise, Princess ( Rivers'), Beurre Diel, 

 Beurre Superfin, Pitmaston Duchess, Beurre d'Amanlis, Gratioli of Jersey, 

 Beurre de Capiaumont, and Easter Beurre. As pyramids and bush trees Williams' 

 Bon Chretien, Hessle, Swan's Egg, Louise Bonne of Jersey, Catillac and 

 Autumn Bergamot are very well cropped. — J. Day, Galloway House Gardens. 



Worcestershire.— Pears are not such a satisfactory crop as the apples, the 

 best being on the wall trees. All trees bloomed freely enough, but the cold 

 inclement weather was too much for the embryo fruits. That good old variety, 

 Marie Louise, is carrying good crops, so with gathering at intervals the supply 

 will be enabled to be carried on for some time. I do not think the hot weather 

 has hastened the ripening of earlier varieties in the least. The late start in the 

 spring, followed with this hot September month, having timed the ripening about 

 normal. I may say that the fruit is clean and of good quality ; Williams' Bon 

 Chretien, Glout Morceau, Durondeau, Beurre Rance,Easter Beurre, Passe Colmar, 

 Beurre Hardy are the most productive. — A. Young, Wit ley Court Gardens. 



Yorkshire.— Pears under the average, and smaller than usual. Those carrying 

 the best crops are as follows : Williams' Bon Chretien, Clapp's Favourite, Louise 

 Bonne of Jersey, Doyenne du Cornice, Durondeau (or d'Tongers), Pitmaston 

 Duchess, Beurre Ranee, Beurre Superfin, and Thompson's,— J. Allsop, Dalton 



Hall Gardens. 



Pears are a very partial crop, the only varieties that have or had anything 



like a good crop are Doyenne d'Ete, Citron des Carmes, Summer Franc Seal, 

 Beurre d'Amanlis, Louise Bonne of Jersey, Urbaniste, Doyenne du Cornice, 

 Beurre Diel, and Bergamot d'Esperen. Marie Louise, which usually does so 

 well with us, is this year almost fruitless. We have a space at the top of a south 

 wall, say, twenty yards long, by an average of three feet in depth, from which we 

 have frequently picked twenty stone of fine fruit. The trees were planted many 

 Jtarsago on the north side of the wall. Some twenty-live years since we trained 

 shoots over to the south side, and they have, as I say, done splendidly, as a rule, 

 ever since they got well over. I am very fond of espaliers for training pears upon 

 when grown away from walls. I would not plant bush or pyramid trees in the 

 rth, the fruits are so liable to be injured by the autumn gales before they are 

 'it to pick. We have some espaliers here erected quite fifty years since, I should 

 toy, and they are as good now as when first put up. With the exception of an eight- 

 ioot wall planted with cordon trees a year or two ago, all our pear trees are 

 growing upon the free stock; cordons are on the quince.— H. T. Clayton, 

 Onmston Gardens. 



inrn^fi . t! ? e Fruit Committee.— Your reporter seems to have been 

 1 Sll£n mf0 5 med as t0 *e awards of medals made to the various exhibits at the 

 ; w nan on the 20th ult. Not only Messrs. W. Paul and Sons, but also Messrs. 



London^ Trees. 



we ScuS^^S^T^^ be - en directed in the columns of a dai, y contemporary, 

 rf«Slto?^ ^ trees in the streets of London, and to the lack 



^^^t^^ST^'f^ ^ the summer solstice throughout 

 circumstance Wp V~ y g^ Tantlc Clt y in consequence of that unfortunate 



anTadmoSed venerable adage that "experience teaches," 



expert "prevention is better than cure." If the distressing 



S^^^ '^ ly aCf l uired b y Londoners of every social class have 



SSTfflC2^^ m of the latter apophthegm, we can only conclude 

 to^^^S iS public is at once deaf to the appeals of pure reason, indifferent 

 o h^l^ t0 Physical disc omfort. It must surely be obvious 



went nvi ,aR ehC ? S10n J tf ! at the terrors of such a heat-wave as mercilessly 

 sdSs Td i dunDg Au & lst > scorching our soil, staunching our 



H ur^wJ nf ° Ur ^fBfcs, could effectively be abated by an tbun- 



m ? e br ° ader th oroughfares of our chief commercial 

 .he all ^i S m °[ 0Ur hu g e and densely-populated capital. Nature, 

 mLt!l! fo reseeing, has shown shortsighted man how this kindly shade 



If tiZFSffy f Dd C , heapIy maint *ined. Among the beneficent wonders 

 l^r? P^digal, and which we complacently accept without understand- 



S ill ! f e ^- tre ^ s lnfini * in the variety of their service to mankind, in 

 the beauty of their statehness or gracefulness, in the "nuances" of their many- 

 hued foliage, and in the picturesque charm which they impart to commonplace 

 scenes as well as to romantic landscapes. In order to purify the vitiated atmo- 

 sphere of our crowded towns, and afford to their inhabitants the most efficient 

 and pleasurable of shelters against the burning heat and dazzling glare of the sun's 

 rays at high summer-tide, all that we have to do is to line at least one side of our 

 principal streets with avenues of forest trees, taking intelligent measures to foster 

 me growth and conserve the health of these verdant 11 protectors of the poor." 



Our much-decried climate, by reason of its prevalent humidity, is exceptionally 

 lavourable to the rapid development and robust longevity of the trees. There is 

 no part of London in which they will not thrive luxuriantly, if planted " secundum 

 artem and judiciously attended to during the extreme severities of hot or cold 

 weather. The trees that fringe the Thames Embankment were mere saplings a 

 few years ago. How they flourish at the present day, and what an adornment 

 they are to the noblest of European promenades ! London can boast of no im- 

 provement at once more decorative and more useful than the long rows of lindens 

 and chestnuts that flank the trottoirs of the Old and New Kent Roads and a few 

 other transpontine boulevards, the after-dark retail trade of which, with all its 

 bustle and clamour, is refreshingly set in a gay green frame, animate with gleams 

 of sparkling light and murmurs of rustling foliage. Why should these summer 

 attractions be wanting to Oxford Street and Holborn, the Strand and Fleet Street, 

 Pall Mall and Piccadilly, Regent Street and Portland Place— to our great East- 

 end arteries of commerce, which, by their imposing width and length, are 

 eminently qualified for conversion into superb umbrageous avenues ? In foreign 

 capitals, streets corresponding in commercial importance to these metropolitan 

 thoroughfares are for the most part generously lined with healthy trees, and 

 liberally provided with sitting accommodation ; while a weary pedestrian in 

 London, outside the public parks, the Embankment, and a few suburban high roads 



may ask till he is hoarse where, save in a public-house — and not always there 



he can rest his limbs without incurring an obligation to purchase something which 

 he does not want, and Echo will invariably answer 11 Where ? " Even in the most 

 fatiguing weather, no other reply to his piteous incjuiry is forthcoming. It is not 

 so in Paris, Vienna, Berlin, or any of the great Italian cities, or provincial French, 

 German, and Austrian towns, where free seats, in boulevards and avenues alike, 

 are as numerous as shade is plentiful. 



Nor are the suburbs of Continental capitals less comfortably equipped in these 

 respects than the central districts, which were correctly termed intramural not so 

 very long ago, but are now no longer engirdled by rigid cinctures of ramparts, 

 bastions, and fortified gates. All the faubourgs of Paris are lavishly planted and 

 agreeably shady. So are the M Vorstadte " of Berlin, from Tegel in the north to 

 Tempelhof in the south, Charlottenburg in particular, the chief western suburb of 



" Modern Athens," being a stately complex of leafy boulevards. So are the outer 

 11 Bezirke " of Vienna— the Leopoldstadt, the Wieden, Mariahilf, I^erchenfeld 



1 I__in_r a c ■ y mcauijs. vv. nxui anu oons, duc aiso iviessrs. 



medak ¥L ? nS a ?, d . Messrs - J- Pe ed a °d Sons received silver-gilt Knightian ' w "Vnchnn m the likrk <« 



■Wih. The silver-gilt is a superior award to the silver Knichtian Mr Keifs navigable from above Katisbon to the HUck Sea. 

 ward was a silver Kniahtion La ITu'l J?u v!2i£^t!5~ ^'JtV* ! ~— mnsiderable antiquity, arc freelv scattered 



the rest, nowadays only parted from the M Alte Stadt " by the mighty Ring and 

 . . , . — Efcnube Canal , a turbulent loop of the giant river that is 



Single trees, moreover, often 



The collection of 



IS a S r er ^ ni S htian . and not a silver-gilt Knightian 



^ from , Chiswick received high cultural commendation, as they were 

 the sSffi trees / lanted ,a *e in 1896. But for the fact that the fruits came from 

 Josenh I ) J ? arden r s a S1,ver Knightian medal would have been awarded. St. - . 



tod free frmv y ° m three Sources received an award of merit for its autumn stra y trees hav 



object for ' ng f P ^P ertl . es ' but the flavour is P° or - Jt offers * however, a tempting for instance, in 

 cci ior cross fertilisation ' " * " ' mm ' " 



streets of Berlin, dotting the old lines of demarcation between the side-walks and 

 the former " Rinnsreine " or open gutters, once only covered in at crossings, and 

 now replaced by subterranean drains hidden away under solid kerbstones. The 

 strav trees have been carefully preserved in several of the older side-streets, as, 



the Behrenstrasse, Chariot tenstrasse, and " prolonged" Fricdrich 



egard 



A. D. 



strasse 



H and so* 7 W luc , xv,ri,a ' medals, our report was in accordance with the official 

 Wood and F WC ?umS n ° com P Iaints from the firms interested. If our 

 *»t they deserved^t ] fnends S ain ed the higher award we have only to add 



^^B'ros 2 ' f t tra ^ berri es.— I have read with interest your notice of Messrs. 

 _l . straws.-™ j t seems surprising that so huge an effort 



ana stucco, ucin-^ ^. 

 country, park or forest, " Lustgarten 



useful 



commer-- • y P roduc e so littl 



Prominence 



the mercury is 



mi sitting uiiuci 1 " v jtt 

 rising to inordinate heigh 



cry 



seems to 

 In respect 



^njercVhv'tr^ so Kt S € that is g° od - ° f a11 the varieties put into 



I 



our 



Lax ton, ______ m ____ <r 



am «rce durin ^fV ese are R oyal Sovereign, the very best variety put into 

 *°*n only for il? r paSt twent y Y ear s ; and Latest of All. Noble has been 



4 Do * general! ^\ 1 and the size of its soft ' water y> fl a vourless fruits. It 

 11 1 Section on S ted for Royal Sovereign. I do not mention these things 

 cr y and v^r 01 ? 6 ' sim ply to show how, in strawberry raising, there is 



**»ce fruits of 0 • WOoL U is feared that the efforts so freel y made to 



Not a fp_5 reat S1ZC have had much to do with this comparatively poor 

 *. W know that : th CW '° neS haVC exhibited to display cropping quality. T 

 p Tarieties when w Si a mUch r .°° m for advance in that d irection ; many of 

 Uriousiy enoutrh l ne are j ust as heav y croppers as are the best new ones, 

 ^•tave not b Poking over the trials at Chiswick these very heavy 



2? of diviner fo S ? a PP arenl « If there were less of seeking after size and 

 tClion Sa y e delici a excellence some gain might result. Veitchs' Per- 



^grower ^, US . a y ou . r » uul - so far it does not seem to be a great cropper or 



ll ' ei ^-^oiv. r~i?.! r _ lifi . c » l{ . in the fature it proves to be what so far it has 



_ should become a stan- 

 7J» variety ******* is ad mirable, but it" is not a grand looking fruit. 



U'- 11 ma y be a^su H - r ° f exceUence than for the ma *ket grower. How- 

 SoL5_! y ycar s that seein g how strawberries have come and gone during the 

 , ^ C,ti P 1 to add t_! WC ?. 1USt re g a rd it as fortunate that we have obtained a Royal 



quiver in tremulous protest against the extravagant heat pmiin K iL in r< pea 

 ijuivci «~\*L+tum of trees in our urban thoroughfares, we lintons cannot 



itt'ir- --1* - - - * f T« T j^, ; ™.„ lk> .h. 



uo ucuci »u _nuinc enjoyment out of street life than wc do, 



contrive 



to cret a creat deal more genuine enjoyment 



_ ♦nmnsider oursehci by far the mo^t practical people on the 



although we are apt to consiaer / r 1- r 



face of the habitable globe 



bury and Rouen 



varieties. 



^-Sood 

 *«tty, be_ 



CALL DUCKS. 



ust such as would attract he attention of h.rds fly 

 quacKiu_, just buui Duck, ;is they were used at a 



have also been of ( m \ tn . They ;i re a hardy, attrac'tivc kind of ducki 



wild ducks into U|e mesn ^ ^ h{ . f ^ ( _ _ (>( ^ 



but from their ac iive na tur e ^ ^ ruje ^ _ f ^ ^ 



must be shot it tney we rescni bling the Aylesbury, and the latter the Rouen, 



white and the g^»™SV^ the w ild duck. The Call Duck is short, round, and 



or, more prop*"* hi l' fore bead. The wings are long, reaching to the end 

 compact, with tun aau * ^ m strong and id flyer8< ^ Ducks do nQ( 



of the tail feathers, tnus^m. "^wn, who, if they desire a small varietv of duck 



really standard 



A. D. 



receive much ^^"^lo^ breeds ; besfdes whic 



, the Call look* very 



homely 



