November I?. 1 1 1 ^ ±^j^i^iy 



nots in ashes, and then pack bracken, long litter, or leaves about 

 burying tne p ^ rea ching the rims. Such plants are better left in the open 

 them to pttve forc j ng> as a few degrees of frost proves beneficial, and they 

 until rc . qu { ^ ce m0 re readily afterwards.— Richard Parker, Goodwood Gardens. 



gcnera If ITCH F.N n A DnPN. 



THE GARDENERS' 



ees of frost proves beneficial, and they 



r Richard Parker, Goodwood Gardens. 



KITCHEN GARDEN. 



MAGAZINE. 



735 



. mVi ch. work at the present time in collecting fallen leaves. This 

 T K no means be neglected, for they not only give the place an untidy 

 should °y butwbere accumulated in any quantity amongst small plants they 

 ^^^moisture, and so cause them to decay ; therefore, as they fall, have 



llected together in a heap, as they will be found useful for making hot- 

 jj** C r^P,ncT of vegetables in some establishments will now be general, for 



where a 



able hnrofress untifthfi last few weeks, and as the nights" are now getting too 

 r rap : d growth this vegetable will be scarce during the coming winter 

 °l Id it be severe. Where an abundant supply of moisture could be afforded, 

 1 will have grown sufficiently to be ready for its final earthing.^ Choose dry 

 ther for this operation, for if the soil be put to the stems when in a wet con- 



great variety is needed there is always some difficulty in obtaining a suit- 

 Le Owing to the long-continued dry weather, spinach has not made 



has not been done, it must not be neglected, for anything is better than a dry 

 Doraer. Keep a sharp look-out for green or black fly directly the trees are seen 

 to De on the move, for these pests are soon at work, and a stitch in time with these 

 saves more than the proverbial nine. For their destruction I find nothing so good 

 as one or other of the vaporising insecticides now on the market. 



The November fogs make constant attention to grapes hanging on the vines 

 necessary ; bad berries should be sought for at frequent intervals and cut out. A 

 ary atmosphere, with some top ventilation, must be kept up, and this can only be 

 done by the aid of a little fire-heat by day. Front ventilation I find absolutely 

 dangerous here, for the situation is low and exceedingly liable to fogs, in conse- 

 quence of our proximity to large sheets of water. Bananas showing fruits must 

 be kept in a high temperature and growing briskly all the while if we are to 

 prevent the bunches from becoming deformed. All overhead syringing should be 

 suspended from such plants.- f. C. Tallack, Livermere Park Gardens 



Notes from Ireland. 



dition mere « r—rr 3 ~; ™f* U t0 r0t " * ^ n0t 



earth the late planted lots for the present, as celery is perfectly 



until such times as it is blanched. The blanching causes 



be tender, rendering them liable to injury if frozen. 



WE 



to 



tardy 



^districts where the rainfall has been plentiful broccoli will have made rapid 

 Vyth t hj s autumn, particularly where the soil is in good heart. This being so, 



3 . 11 v_ V.Ct-^A tVi« Vi^orle fiim<*/1 tz-v f V> ~ r^rtVi that" thf* Imvpc maw fall 



they 

 over 



was 



the hearts to protect them in case of severe frost. The latter part of October 

 was very wet in some districts, which has prevented many outdoor operations, 

 sach as the wheeling on of manure and digging, but when dry enough this work 

 oaght to be got in hand, for when digging is properly done in the autumn much 

 ue is saved in spring, when other work is more pressing. All vacant ground 

 should now be turned up roughly as deep as the soil will permit without bringing 

 to the surface barren subsoil. When treated in this manner and left until March 

 it will break down finely with ease. Moisture is materially conserved when the 

 ground is dug in the autumn, as it has time to solidify before being planted. In 

 some places it is the rule to make a sowing of peas about the middle of November. 

 If the situation be sheltered and the soil of a light nature often good results 

 follow should the winter not be too severe, and for those who have no accommo- 

 dation for forwarding plants under glass the practice is to be commended, as a 

 week or so in the time of gathering is of great importance. Those who desire a 

 good dwarf kind will find Chelsea Gem, William Hurst, Sutton's Forcing, and 

 Carter's Forcing all good. They may not be quite so hardy as some of the round- 

 seeded kinds, but with me there has not been much difference. The one great 

 drawback to these autumn sowings is that they are subject to the attacks of snails 

 and other enemies for so long a period before the weather is sufficiently warm to 

 induce them to grow out of their way. In heavy soils these are far worse than in 

 light ones, there being far more harbour for them under the small clods. It is not 

 necessary to sow so deeply at this time of the year as during hot, dry weather, 

 here being sufficient moisture to cause quick germination. — H. C. Prinsep, 

 Stated Park Gardens. 



FRUITS UNDER GLASS. 



To obtain successful results from the very early forcing of peaches and 

 nectarines it is quite necessary to go slowly to work with them at first, as the 

 trees will not bear any undue hastening to commence with, and the slower their 

 development, provided they are kept moving up to the time the fruits are set, 

 tbe more likelihood there will be of a satisfactory crop. If this is borne in mind 

 ind acted upon, peach forcing becomes an easy matter, and the cause of nearly 

 all the failures which happen is the application of too much heat, as this makes 

 the blossoms flimsy and unable to develop and set properly. An early start made 

 within the next fortnight will give ample time to produce fruits as early as they 

 cw be crown, without having to hurry until the dangerous stages have 



Pitted. First of all. the trees, should he nmnpH rnttin<r omor oil ma nU1„ cn»tr 



ever known in this country. The 

 harvest was brought in in splendid condition, the hay and corn crop 

 being excellent, both in quantity and quality. Grass, too, for the time of 

 year, is exceptionally abundant. As is usual in years of plenty prices 

 for all agricultural produce are very low ; the very best oats can be readily 

 obtained at the rate of a halfpenny per pound, while hay and straw are 

 correspondingly cheap. Mangolds, swedes, and turnips are splendid 

 crops everywhere in this locality, but, of course, these are not yet on the 

 market. Barley is this year, so far, the most remunerative crop, and sells 

 readily at from a penny to a penny farthing per pound rate, according to 

 quality. Potatos are turning out a splendid crop of the very best table 

 quality. I have not this season had facilities for testing many varieties 

 of potatos in fields, but hope to go in for them more extensively next 

 year. Main Crop gave a very creditable crop of good serviceable sized 

 tubers, and the quality when cooked is excellent. Garton produced an 

 astonishing crop, the tubers being enormously large ; they are, more- 

 over, of excellent quality. Champi ons are very thick this year, though 

 smaller than usual, but what is of greater importance their cooking 

 qualities are all that could be desired ; this variety is somewhat affected 

 by the disease, but all others are singularly free from disease this year. 

 Our soil is a strong rich loam, resting on gravel. Beauty of Bute pro- 

 duced a very good crop of even-sized tubers, of the best cooking- 

 quality. Some people consider this variety too sweet in flavour to be a 

 good eating potato. The Bruce, an old favourite of mine in the south of 

 Ireland, has done famously here this year in every way. When in county 

 Kerry recently I noticed some magnificent samples of Champions, the 



After 



produce of plants that had been twice sprayed during the season, 

 this demonstration of the good result of spraying, I am, from 



being 



an advocate of it. 



becoming 



A most beautiful sight around the picturesque and thriving town of 

 Cahirciveen is the luxuriant masses of Fuchsia Riccartoni. Around 

 some of the cottage gardens I noticed the hedges were made completely 

 of this charming shrub, and right well they thrive in spite of the terrible 

 wind which must sweep on them there sometimes from the broad 

 Atlantic. I saw some of the most magnificent scenery there it has been 

 m y good fortune to see, and, though a long and tedious journey, one is 

 amply repaid with the splendid scenery in which the locality abounds. 

 A recent inspection of the chrysanthemums being grown by the holder of 

 ]g away all weakly spray, . chal]en2e cup 0 f the R.H.S. of Ireland was to me an introduction to 

 i^h^STZl n ° L , weu / 1 P en f. a ■ m ?y D * necessary to shorten them )™ c * J,,* whic £ is now agitating the minds of chrysanthemum growers 



SSt and Inl shorten t f ^ • ^ Y T g S - h ° 0tS " -encrSv a d r Muchisen in particular ; his plants are badly hit, and, 



pilule, ana oniy snorten in cases of unripe tip. or where there is not room to lav generally, <mu mi. w«m.h r t r / » > 



fcm at full lergth. In shortening, cut to a wood bud which can TSwfiy of course, it has the appearance of destroying the plants, but I should 

 •«ogmsed by its nointed fiwm Some peaches, especially early varieties, make say that the quality and substance of the blooms are in no way affected 



K growth, and it is very necessary to be careful bv the rust. The blooms are very promising but it will give enough to 



do to have them in bloom by Nov. 9. Dahlias, Michaelmas daisies, 

 Schizostylis, and Pyrethrum uliginosum are making a splendid display 

 iust now All leafage is as green now (October 29) as it was in August. 

 Evidently, we shall get no autumn tints this year, as the leaves will pro- 

 bably fall 'before they change colour. 



Co. Kildare. 



-.uv.^iug mese, and it is not always safe to rely on the middle bud of triplets 

 ■SS 1 1 , j so that the S r °wer should make himself thoroughly acquainted 



wun such buds by close observation. When the tr»es are pruned they should 

 c a morough cleansing, and if red spider or scale have been troublesome a 

 XI„ syriD S 1D S w "h clear water, heated up to 120 degrees, may do all that is 

 AoatJfifrt. • woo< ? work and g^ss should be thoroughly cleansed. I am no 

 aneria 1, I , indlscrimin ate use of insecticides on trees at this time of the year, 

 n£ti-imr°n W 2& ^ en we have such excellent and deadly appliances as 

 theire« Vrff. es ,! n the Sowing season, when found necessary. Tying in 

 «*t S ho n ,«7flk mD ? e - dlately follow cleaning, and do not fear to remove a few 

 oothine k ™" I on ap P ear to be closer to gether than they ought to be, for 

 '^ainerf , y .„ D g a P le thora of wood and leaves in the trees, for a very 

 ttd h«m„" - r _ wlH ca "y more f* ui ts than can ever be brought to perfection, 



I u «ia and needless tax on the trees. 



Wi 



CH 



AT B 



Ha 



Place if tK ? aIlow for a little cropping— some of which is sure to 

 an txiL a J T 1S unfav ourable duiing blossoming time— such fruits are 



** wSSST 8 1^° l° ICe no heat should be a PP"ed for the first fortnight 

 ttpeciaUv if V; j?° U [ d keDt cl osed, and this will give the necessary impetus 



but 



k tf >e temn \ lucn o«se is closed, as this can be relied on to very gradually 

 <6m U «^^P. era . , 1 P re fer leaves alone for this work, as the fermendng 



■vith these than it is with stable litter. A night temperature of 



r 1 15 steadier 

 Wees shnni. 



Some two thousand plants of different types are grown here under the skilful hand 

 ?Ar fw Taoanese varieties largely predominate, although there is a goodly 

 number d^JSTSS represented^ excellent condition.. A system of culture 

 number ot incur z ; stab i; s hment is that of propagating early in the spring, 



finding mu ^7 h ° e U ^ u Sg plants on single stems, S3 plant in a six-inch pot 

 and flowering the . £ en;i , ^* arc now ^ in , numbers> and 



By these "^^'^plant* lend themselve. to well for such arrangement*, 

 for grouping purposes in j ^ ^ y ^ cuUivaljon ^ the ctuvsanthe . 



As this happens to be one ^ % ^ accottnt will ^ gj ven at o{ ;h e 



mums at Bickley Hai , ' h £> urhood . Handsome blooms of M.idame < WttUve 

 shows in and around the ^neig ^ ? Aflstra , je> yery u „ . Wejtern 



Henri, on second I crcmri ^ Motmfd AaAfif lhe finest blooms we have seen 



TLf : Louise, very large and compact ; Ci C. Schwa be, 



of this peculia 



eicep- 



*ntrise 



that 



j s lijc nouse down so low, and 5 degrees higher will be sum- oonauy \tairv 

 up to the time when the flowers open. A little ventiladon season as ever ; ^ n ry 



*m tbon JTT' UayS t0 keep the tem P erature down, as this ought nut to 

 "'"•but their V^ reeS at an y time - 0cc asional light sy ringings may be 

 **** n °t to tai egU i " ty should depend on the weather, and in any case they 

 °*^minain P - after midday. When the weather is not suitable for 



5*j£Gy£ 



%Lz^7 leather "a """* mvo F" ci c - wniy u^c mc-ucai w nen aDSOiuteiy compcncu 



Chouse h 1 ^ S -°' Presumi ng that the border is in a moist condition 



2?! e a good soak • Sed . lt: wil1 not squire any water for a few weeks. I prefer 



* i|< Uicn, as to days in advance o{ closing the house rather than to 



w> many exciting causes at one time are not good ; still, if this 



colour 



. dllS 



tet ; Hairj 



esented by dense - „ dcular , chaite ^ wh i :e . besides 



group, P^P'i^^Hition Hich nualit. was Ken in 1 



V » f VB -~ ~ ~ ^ 



well calculated ; Thos- Wdkins, 

 Saipriie, valued bee ante of its 



developing— one 



e incurved 

 : were fast 

 pot called 



Visnoft. 



