THE "CEDAR OF GOA." 



7 



u ex observatione accurata D. Dale "], conulus squamosus est) 

 Sabinae speciem esse arguunt. Hanc arborem in Histcria ex 

 sententia Hermanni pro Juniperi specie descripsimus." 



At page 1916 Ray further adds : " Cedrus a Goa male 

 collocatur inter Juniperos, est enim conifera et Sabinae species, 

 eujus odorem gravem spirat." 



In 1696, Plukenet, in his " Almagest urn," page 326, has these 

 references : M Sabina conifera Goensis fcemina rarioribus foliis. 

 Juniperus ex Goa H. Ley den 346. Cedrus ex Goa vulgo 

 Sabina conifera Goensis mas, foliis crebrioribus caesiis — Sabina 

 ■conifera Goensis confertissimis crispatis foliis, circa virgulas 

 triplici serie dispositis," a description which in some particulars 

 suggests a Juniper rather than a Cypress. It is probable that 

 Plukenet here refers, not to two distinct species, still less to 

 two separate sexual states, but to two stages of growth of the 

 same tree, one with the primordial leaves only, the other with 

 the adult foliage, and this is borne out by a specimen in the 

 Banksian Herbarium (R. H. 20, 1798), 1 1 gathered by Dr. 

 Plukenet " and labelled " Cedrus ex Goa." 



The foliage on the adult trees is also variable, and seedlings 

 from the same tree vary greatly in the density of their foliage 

 and other characters. 



Specimens labelled in accordance with the nomenclature of 

 Bay and of Plukenet are preserved also in the Sherardian 

 Herbarium at Oxford, as I learn from the kindness of Prof. Vines 

 and Mr. Druce (see Nos. 5,838, 5,839, 5,843, 5,844). 



Tournefort visited the trees at Bussaco in 1689, and in his 

 Institutions, '' p. 586 (1700), speaks of our plant as "Cupressus 

 iusitanica patula fructu minori." It must be remembered, how- 

 ever, that the word " Iusitanica " was used by Tournefort as a 

 qualificatory adjective, and not as a distinctive name, the bino- 

 minal system not then having been introduced. 



No mention of the tree is made in the first or in the second 

 editions of " Miller's Dictionary," published in 1731 and 1733 

 respectively. In subsequent editions Tournefort's description 

 was translated thus: " Spreading Portugal Cypress with 

 smaller fruit." In the eighth edition (1768), the first in which 

 the binominal system of Linnaeus is introduced, Miller 

 definitely calls the plant 11 Cupressus (Lusitanica)," and 

 describes it as follows : " Foliis imbricatis, apicibus aculeatis 



