94 Numismatic Gleanings. [No. 7, new series. 



chamara in front, and the small drum called damara with another 

 chmnara behind. 



Above these are the sun and moon and a ch'hatra which the 

 artist has erroneously represented in the form of a cross or quatre 

 foil. 



Below the legend is an expanded lotus and below it a bud on 

 its stalk, a small table to the right, and an ankus to the left. 



Figs. 2 and 3 are on grants made by Vira Deva Chola surnamed 

 Kulottunga Chola, Tribhuvana Chakravartti and Saptama or 

 seventh Vishnu Vard'hana who was appointed viceroy over the 

 Chalukya dominions by his father Vikrama Chola and ruled them 

 for nearly sixty years. 



Fig. 3 is the earliest in point of date, it records the grant in S. 

 S. 100 1* of a village called Kaleru in the Rajahmundry district to 

 a Brahmin named Medam 'Arya, as an endowment for the mainte- 

 nance of two mantapams erected by him at Pithapur and Draksha- 

 ramam and of a tank constructed at an agrahdram called Chellur. 

 In the centre of the seal, is inscribed in ancient characters the title 

 'Sri-Tribhuzan anku'sa, above which is the boar between two 

 lamps and two chdmaras or chowries and above these the figure of 

 an ankus and the sun and moon. Below the legend is a row of 

 emblems, which appear to represent sacred implements or marks 

 of distinction, conferred by a guru or religious preceptor. The first 

 may be intended for the small portable altar called vedika, em- 

 ployed in domestic devotion, the next the lotus is always esteem- 

 ed an emblem of sanctity, the third represents the small table for 

 the implements of worship and the fourth the swastika or sacred 

 cross, the inscription of which on any person or thing, is held to 

 confer an especial blessing. 



As the preceding relates to one of the first acts of liberality of 

 Vira Deva Chola, so fig. 2 is connected with an act of munificence 

 on the part of one of his servants, towards the close of his rule. 

 In the 'Saka year 1056 Kolani Katama Nayadu with the permis- 

 sion of the prince, presented the village of Panduva to certain 



* This is given in the words 'sasi-khachcaindu or the moon (1) two firma- 

 nents (00) the moon, (l)=100l. 



