oct. — mae. 1858-59.] for the Indian characters. 267 



the use of the English ng as the representative of the guttural 

 nasal is that it is a double consonant. The n alone will be found 

 to be quite sufficient, with the addition of a dot, seeing that it will 

 always be followed, except in a very small number of instances in 

 Tamil, either by k or by g. Even the dot, indeed, may be dis- 

 pensed with in time. 



(c). The nasal of the palatal row which includes c and j has 

 commonly been represented by nj or jn. The use of double let- 

 ters, however, for transliterating single ones is objectionable. This 

 sound must be represented by n ; the only question is, how is this 

 n to be distinguished from others ? 



The Germans sometimes represent it by m with the addition of 

 the Spanish nasal sign, sometimes by n with the same addition, 

 sometimes simply by n. Where this letter is followed by ch or/, 

 n alone might suffice, but it will require some distinguishing mark 

 when it is used, as in sometimes is in the South, as an initial. I 

 therefore suggest the use of the Spanish nasal sign with n, e, g, n. 



This will only be required, however, when it is initial. I fully 

 anticipate, indeed, that in due time people will lay aside the 

 greater number of these marks and dots, when they find that they 

 can be dispensed with, as I believe they often may, without inconve- 

 nience ; n alone will be found sufficient in time for every nasal except 

 m. In cursive writing, and even in print, a horizontal line over 

 the n, e. g. will sufficiently represent the Spanish nasal sign. 



(d.) The half Anuswdra of the Telugu does not appear to re- 

 quire any written sign. The Anuswdra itself may be used instead 

 of it by those who wish. 



(e.) The only letter that still requires to be provided for is the 

 first of the three sibilants of the Deva-nagari. For this I would 

 propose s with a dot above. The dot below is reserved for Unguals, 

 the dot above is therefore the best sign for those few other letters 

 that require a distinguishing mark. 



Visarga is quite sufficiently represented by a final h; ardhdkdra 

 by the English apostrophe. 



The apostrophe will also be generally useful, in languages in 

 which sandhi prevails, as the sign of elision. 



