oct — ma.k. 1858-59.] Progress of the Magnetic Survey. 339 



winds which sweep over those isolated plateau and which evi- 

 dently must be very injurious to jungle vegetation. Another im- 

 portant cause is, the want of moisture in these isolated plateau. 



The geological results obtained in the journey from Agra to 

 Saugor will be contained in the Report 

 Geology. which my brother Adolphe will have the 



honor to submit to Government ; I shall therefore content myself 

 by mentioning some geological results to which the investigation 

 of the country visited by me alone seem to lead. 



In the valley of the Nerbudda some interesting deposits of fossil 

 remains occur. The larger deposits are 



vaUeTof Se^dda 6 found from Be ™ h - ^ to Mundlah > the 

 bones are found in a brown alluvial clay, 



and belong to species of elephants, rhinoceros, hippopotami, buffa- 

 loes, &c. I also found with the bones well preserved fossil shells 

 of Unio, Melania, and other fresh-water species. A comparison 

 of these fossil shells with those now living in the Nerbudda and 

 in various tanks of Central India, of which I collected a large 

 number, will assist in determining the geological age of the fossili- 

 ferous deposits of the Nerbudda valley. 



From Jubbulpore to Umerkuntuk the prevailing rock is black 

 trap, identical with the trap of the Deccan. 



I found in several localities the thin lacustrine deposit, which 

 reposes on trap, and is again overlayed by other layers of trap. 

 In some places it was full of fossil fresh-water shells of Physa, 

 Unio, Melania, &c. 



The principal fossiliferous localities which I visited were Phool 

 Saugor, about 9 miles west of Mundlah, Bellasur, and Bonder. 



The plateau of Umerkuntuk is one of the culminating points 

 of Central India, and this place, and the hills in its neighbourhood, 

 form the importent water-shed of Central India, between the Rivers 

 Nerbudda, Soane, Tohilla, and Mahanuddy. The plateau of 

 Umerkuntuk is not very large — it is nearly circular, and surround- 

 ed by hills, which are only 50 to 60 English feet higher. The 

 slopes are very steep to the East and South, whilst they are much 

 more gentle to the West and North. The hills run from Umer- 



