12 BULLETIN 49, HAWAII AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. 



arsenate of lead (paste form) with 1 gallon of water, or \ ounce of 

 arsenate of lead (powdered form) with 1 gallon of water. Arsenate 

 of lead is not only much less likely to injure the foliage than is Paris 

 green but it is also more effective. 



FULLER'S ROSE BEETLE (Aramigus fulleri). 



Fuller's rose beetle, commonly known in Hawaii as the Olinda 

 beetle, has been found on lime trees in some parts of the Territory. 

 The larvae live below ground and feed upon plant roots. Upon 

 reaching adult stage they eat the foliage, their method of devouring 

 the margins of the leaves being a means of their identification. The 

 beetles are incapable of flight and their movements are slow. Gener- 

 ally they are nocturnal feeders, but in cooler localities they may be 

 found on foliage during the day. The pest is occasionally kept 

 under control by hand picking and by birds, especially by the myna 

 bird. Arsenate of lead spray has been found useful in their ex- 

 termination. Carbon bisulphid may, under certain conditions, be 

 used to exterminate the larvae attacking the roots. 



MEDITERRANEAN FRUIT FLY (Ceratitis capitata). 



The Mediterranean fruit fly was introduced into Hawaii from 

 Australia about 1907/ The adult female is a small yellow fly which 

 lays its eggs in fruit that is nearing maturity. Small white larvae 

 soon develop and after feeding on the interior of the fruit enter the 

 soil to pupate. After it was introduced into Hawaii the pest spread 

 rapidly and attacked many kinds of fruit. A careful study of this 

 fly has been made by Back and Pemberton. 6 



Control, — Territorial entomologists have done much to control the 

 Mediterranean fruit fly by introducing natural parasitic enemies 

 into the island. About five different species of these natural enemies 

 have, after several years, succeeded in bringing about a great reduc- 

 tion in the ravages of the fly. Lime and other citrus fruits which 

 were formerly severely ravaged are now comparatively free of attack 

 b}^ the fly larvae. Screens, nets, and paper bags are occasionally used 

 to protect the fruit from this pest. 



FUNGUS DISEASES. 



BLUE MOLD (Peniciliium italicum). 



Blue mold is sometimes found on fruit a few days after it is har- 

 vested. The spores of this fungus lodge on the fruit in the orchard, 

 and germinate when the fruit skin is injured in any way. 



BROWN ROT (Pythiacystis citrophthora) . 



Brown rot is a decaying of the fruit on the tree. The fungus caus- 

 ing the rot lives in the soil and during wet weather develops spores. 

 Affected fruit turns brown and the inner part decays. 



ANTHRACNOSE (Gloeosporium limetticolum) . 



Anthracnose, recently identified on lime fruits in Hawaii by the 

 Philippine Bureau of Agriculture, is a fungus disease which as yet 



fl U. S. Dept. Agr. Bui. 536 (1918). 



