42 



weeds, because no seeds can form to continue the species. With 

 such grasses as manienie, Hilo grass, and maulaiki, which are most 

 palatable when young and tender, and which are not destroyed by 

 overstocking, continual grazing may be practiced with benefit to the 

 pastures. Such pastures are also benefited by occasional burning to 

 destroy the old, dried growth, insect larvse, and vermin. . During 

 dry seasons care is necessary to avoid fires. 



UNDESIRABLE AND POISONOUS PLANTS. 



The following table gives a list of the undesirable and poisonous 

 plants that are met with upon some of the Hawaiian ranches : 



Undesirable and poisonous plants. 



Botanical name. 



Common name. 



Hawaiian name. 



Remarks. 



Acacia farnesiana 1 



Andropogon halepensis 



(var.) i 

 Asclepias curassavica 2 



Chxtochloa glauca 1 



Johnson grass . 



Milkweed 



Yellow foxtail. 



Klu 



Nuumela, kilika. 



Chrysopogonaciculatus K 



Cnicus ( ?) sp. 1 



Eupatorium sp. 1 



Euphorbia lorifolia 



Common thistle. 



Pilipiliula 



Pamakani 



Koko, akoko. 



Lantana camara 1 . 

 Leucssna glauca 2 . 



Lantana . . 

 Koa bush. 



Momordica charantia l . 

 Paspalum orbiculare i . 

 Passiflorafcetida 2 



Chinese cucumber. 

 Rice grass 



Koahaole. 

 Mau-laiki. 



Psidium guayava 1 . . 

 Ricinus communis 2 . 

 Bubus jamaicensis i. 



Salvia coccinea 2 



Tephrosia purpurea 2 . 



Guava 



Castor bean 



Thimble or Hitchcock 

 berry. 



Red sage 



Koli. 



Lililehua. 

 Auhola... 



Difficult to eradicate. 



Cases of poisoning re- 

 ported from Oahu. 



Widely distributed on 

 Kauai. 



Occupies large areas ob 

 Maui. 



Contains poisonous ingre- 

 dients. 



Said to cause falling of 

 hair from horses' tails. 



Contains poisonous in- 

 gredients. 



Causes abortion. 



Do. 



Contains poisonous in- 

 gredients. 



1 These plants crowd out and replace the plants which have forage value. 



2 Poisonous. 



CULTIVATED PORAGE CROPS. 



Cultivated forage crops include sugar cane, corn, sweet and non- 

 saccharin sorghums, Para grass, Guinea grass, Rhodes grass, oats, 

 wheat, barley, millet, teosinte, alfalfa, cowpeas, soy beans, velvet 

 beans, jack beans, peanuts, pigeon peas, horse beans, Canada peas, 

 hairy vetch, winter vetch, cassava, sweet potatoes, sugar beets, 

 mangel- wurzels, turnips, rape, carrots, honohono, spineless cactus, 

 kale, cow pumpkins, etc. 



Sugar cane furnishes a large amount of excellent feed in the form 

 of cane tops and molasses. Sorghum is fed green also, as is some- 

 times corn. In the corn belts proper only little of the stover is saved, 

 the grain being the principal thing desired. Corn as green feed, as 

 stover, or as silage could be more generally used as a source of feed. 



