33 



Miscellaneous forage plants — Continued. 



Botanical name. 



Common name. 



Portulaca sclerocarpa. 



Prunella vulgaris 



Richardsonia scabra 1 . 

 Ricinus communis. . 



Salvia coccinea . 



Sanguisorba minor 



Scirpus maritimus 



Sesuvium portulacastrum. 



Sida spp. 

 Sida sp . . 



Silene struthioloides . 

 Sonchzis oleraceus. . 



Taraxacum officinale. . 

 Vaccinium reticulatum, 



Xanthium strumarium . 



Self-heal 



Mexican clover. 

 Castor bean 



Red sage... 



Field or sheep burnet. 



Sow thistle. 

 Dandelion. 



Cocklebur. 



Hawaiian name. 



Ihimakole. 



Koli 



Lililehua. 



Akulikuli . 



Ilima 



Kukailio. 



Pualele . 



Oheia... 

 Kfkania. 



Remarks on elevation 

 and forage value. 



At elevations of 2,000 to 

 5,000 feet less valuable 

 than the preceding. 



Quite rare. 



Leaves eaten by horses 



and cattle. 

 Very fattening for steers 



but causes abortion in 



cows. 



Similar to alfilaria, in dry 

 regions, eaten by sheep. 



Of slight forage value. 



In marshy places, eaten 

 by cattle when in 

 kiawe. 



Leaves eaten by sheep. 



Leaves eaten by cattle 

 and sheep, and oily 

 seeds eaten by cattle. 



Fleshy root eaten by 

 hogs. 



Very valuable annual at 



all elevations. 

 Valuable in higher lands. 

 At elevations of 4,000 to 



8,000 feet, leaves and 



berries eaten. 

 Leaves eaten by sheep 



and also by cattle when 



in cactus. 



1 Introduced but not naturalized, rare. 



The sow thistle or pualele is found in every region and at all ele- 

 vations; it is nutritious and palatable and well liked by all kinds of 

 stock, including poultry, rabbits, and water buffalo. It is therefore 

 one of the most important plants in this list. 



Next to the sow thistle come common purslane and Spanish needlea 

 These likewise are widely distributed, nutritious, and fairly well 

 liked by stock. 



At elevations above 3,000 feet the common dandelion and the two 

 related composites, Hypochseris radicata and Lampsana communis, are 

 valuable as fattening feeds. 



Alfilaria at all elevations above 4,000 feet becomes valuable, 

 especially for sheep. Er odium cicutarium is the true alfilaria. E, 

 moschatum, however, is the more common species and is of greater 

 value. 1 It is widely distributed on the Pacific coast and occurs 

 from sea level to the snow line. E. cygnorum is native to Aus- 

 tralia and very valuable in the drier portions of that country. Alfil- 

 aria is found in Hawaii at its best only at the higher elevations of the 

 Parker ranch, the Humula sheep station, and Puuwaawaa, but it is 

 found on Molokai, Haleakala, and other ranches in less abundance. 



U. S. Dept. Agr., Div. Agrostol. Bui. 2 (rev. ed.). 



