8 



increase in population are factors which have hastened the placing 

 of ranching upon a better basis. 



The question what feeds are consumed by cattle in the forests 

 is of little importance. It is known that they feed largely on the 

 leaves and twigs of the trees and more especially upon the smaller 

 undergrowth, including weeds, grasses, and other plants. As much 

 of the forest is now reserved from such use, we are more interested 

 in what cattle find to eat upon strictly grazing lands and as to what 

 will form the bulk of the feed there in the future, and a study has 

 been made of the native and introduced forage plants, their relative 

 importance, and their value under differing conditions of environ- 

 ment. 



As having an important bearing on the production of forage, the 

 rainfall in various localities is given in the following table: 



Average annual and monthly precipitation at some Hatvaiian ranches and other points. 1 



Station. 



Island of Hawaii: 



Hilo 



Huehue 2 



Hurnuula 2 



Kapapala ranch.. . 



Kohalamill 



Kukaiau mill 



Napoopoo 



Puakea ranch 2 



Puuwaawaa ranch ; 



Volcano house 



Waimea 



Island of Maui: 



Haleakala ranch. . . 



Kula(Erehwon).. 



Nahiku 



Waiopae ranch 



Island of Oahu: 



Ahuimanu 



Kaneohe 



Tantalus 



Waianae 



Waimanalo 



Island of Kauai: 



Kilauea 



Kealia 



Grove farm 



McBryde residence 



Kekaha 



Island of Molokai: 



Molokai ranch 



Eleva- 

 tion. 



Years 



of 

 record. 



Jan. 



Feb. 



Mar. 



Apr. 



May. 



June. 



Feet. 





Inches. 



Inches. 



Inches. 



Inches. 



Inches. 



Inches. 



100 



25 



9.39 



11.77 



16.02 



13.67 



9.60 



7. 10 



2,000 



6 



3.92 



2. 49 



2. 99 



1.99 



2. 49 



2.59 

 .80 



6,685 



5 



2.24 



3.43 



2.60 



1.58 



1.93 



2,150 



26 



5.63 



6.68 



7.64 



3.62 



3.19 



1.28 



270 



16 



3.82 



5.02 



6.70 



5.62 



4.14 



3.23 



250 



19 



7. 42 



7.97 



13.78 



10. 94 



5.10 



3.37 



25 



10 



2. 33 



2.21 



2.53 



2.40 



4.32 



3. 13 



600 



6 



4.85 



5.64 



9.32 



5.14 



4.94 



3.64 



2, 736 



6 



3.62 



2. 86 



3.27 



1.71 



2.32 



1.12 



4,000 



13 



6.30 



8.55 



9.72 



7.45 



5.52 



3.34 



2, 720 



21 



4.72 



4.83 



5.16 



3.50 



2. 71 



2. 22 



2,000 



20 



6.32 



6. 84 



7. 45 



3.29 



1.65 



.96 



4,200 



22 



7.29 



6.04 



4.85 



1.73 



2.79 



1.88 



700 



11 



14.46 



13.28 



19.54 



18.11 



10.81 



10.59 



. 1,740 



14 



2. 81 



5.10 



4.12 



1.62 



.86 



.18 



350 



21 



6.45 



9.52 



8.76 



6. 44 



6.94 



4.08 



100 



16 



3.76 



5.85 



6.70 



3.84 



4.26 



2. 59 



1,360 



10 



6.60 



10.59 



9.85 



8. 10 



7. 79 



6.69 



6 



18 



2. 88 



5.30 



2.23 



.65 



.68 



.28 



25 



18 



4. 21 



7.11 



6.39 



2.18 



3.02 



1.51 



342 



27 



5.76 



6.55 



7.79 



4.81 



5.27 



4.02 



15 



12 



4. 12 



4.89 



7.04 



1.89 



2.34 



1.62 



200 



27 



4.62 



5.20 



6.15 



3.14 



3.08 



1.99 



900 



11 



8.u9 



6. 74 



10.19 



4.80 



3.22 



4.26 



40 



20 



3.30 



3.63 



4.14 



.92 



2. 96 



.32 



800 



12 



4.80 



6.65 



4.39 



2.43 



1.27 



.86 



J Computed mainly from U.S. Dept. Agr., Weather Bur., Hawaiian Sect.Climat. Serv., Ann. Summary, 

 1911. 



2 Calculated from records, 1906-1911, inclusive. No record at Hurnuula in 1907. Average for Puakearanch 

 bigh because of an exceptionally heavy rainfall in 1909. Normal should be about 50 inches annually. 



