284 
JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
a hole dug near the manure heap where the drainings may run into it. 
If the orchard is near the yard, it can be carried in buckets and a 
tree or two dressed occasionally as the liquid is obtainable. An orchard I 
had the pleasure of inspecting lately was treated in this way several years 
since by the present tenant, and the trees — before almost worthless — were 
brought to good health and fruitfulness. They have had similar dressings 
each year since, as there is a good supply from a tank. A good way to 
apply it to old trees, which probably have their roots deep in the soil, is to 
bore holes with an iron bar, beginning at a radius of about four feet from 
the stem, and making them about two feet apart, and the same in depth, 
as far as the branches extend. If kept filled from time to time with liquid 
it will percolate into the surrounding soil, and the roots will receive 
greater benefit from it than if it had been spread on the top, when the 
turf would have absorbed a great part of its goodness. 
Artificial manures are also excellent, and may often be used where 
farmyards are not available, and, being more portable, are more easily 
applied. The common manures, such as superphosphate, bone-meal, 
dissolved bones, basic slag (all phosphatic), and kainit (potassic), are good 
and easily obtainable. A good winter dressing would be — two parts basic 
slag and one part kainit, applied at the rate of about 6 oz. per square yard. 
